A complex assembled electronic product (CAEP), such as a modern television (TV), can be produced in a variety of design configurations using different combinations of software and hardware components that are arranged together in a hierarchy of technical subsystems within a defined product architecture. We examine the lifecycle of individual components that make up a CAEP to better understand why its dominant design configuration includes specific components from among the (often many) competing alternatives. The emergence of the dominant design configuration of a product has long-term implications on the operational efficiency of a firm's product assembly line and its component selection strategy. We test hypotheses that explain both the inclusion of a component in the dominant design configuration of a CAEP, and its longevity to remain in the product market over the lifecycle of the CAEP using three key factors: (a) pleiotropy, or the number of functions supported by the component, (b) the nature of standards used by the component (open vs. closed), and (c) the source of innovation of the component (exogenous vs. endogenous to the industry). We empirically test our hypotheses using a longitudinal data set of 2830 TV models spanning 15 years (2002–2016). The results show that components that have higher pleiotropy and that are supported by open standards not only have a higher chance of being selected into the dominant design configuration of TV, but also remain in the TV market for a longer time. Specifically, every additional functionality associated with a component increases its likelihood of entering the dominant design configuration by approximately three times, and its longevity by about 2 years. Similarly, a component supported by an open standard is approximately four times more likely to be part of the dominant design configuration compared with a component supported by a closed standard, and it remains in the TV market for approximately an additional 2 years. In addition, components developed through endogenous innovation efforts were nearly five times more likely to enter the dominant design configuration of TV. Their longevity, however, was not significantly different from that of components sourced exogenously. Building on these results, we discuss the implications for product management of CAEP and for further research to examine innovation in CAEPs.

中文翻译：

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复杂组装电子产品的创新：电视元件演变分析

复杂的组装电子产品 (CAEP)，例如现代电视 (TV)，可以使用软件和硬件组件的不同组合以各种设计配置生产，这些组件在定义的产品架构内以技术子系统的层次结构排列在一起. 我们检查了组成 CAEP 的各个组件的生命周期，以更好地理解为什么其主导设计配置包括来自（通常是许多）竞争替代品中的特定组件。产品主导设计配置的出现对公司产品装配线的运营效率及其组件选择策略具有长期影响。我们检验了可以解释在航空环境保护委员会的主要设计配置中包含一个组件的假设，多效性，或组件支持的功能数量，(b) 组件使用的标准的性质（开放与封闭），以及 (c) 组件创新的来源（外源与内源）行业）。我们使用跨越 15 年（2002-2016 年）的 2830 个电视模型的纵向数据集对我们的假设进行了实证检验。结果表明，具有更高多向性且受开放标准支持的组件不仅更有可能被选入电视的主导设计配置，而且在电视市场上的留存时间也更长。具体而言，与组件相关的每一项附加功能都会使其进入主导设计配置的可能性增加大约三倍，并将其使用寿命增加大约 2 年。同样，与封闭标准支持的组件相比，开放标准支持的组件成为主导设计配置的一部分的可能性大约是其四倍，并且它在电视市场上还停留了大约 2 年。此外，通过内生创新努力开发的组件进入电视主导设计配置的可能性要高出近五倍。然而，它们的寿命与外源成分的寿命没有显着差异。在这些结果的基础上，我们讨论了对 CAEP 产品管理和进一步研究以检查 CAEP 创新的影响。