From 2021 onwards, female entrepreneurship is expected to grow very substantially as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. The introduction of teleworking and staggered hours in many countries at national or workplace level will make possible the conciliation between labour and family life. The purpose of this paper is to identify the most influential explanatory factors in the behaviour of female entrepreneurship in Europe so as to subsequently propose efficient economic policy measures to promote it. The distinction between opportunity and necessity female entrepreneurs have been considered since both motivation and factors are different in each case. 15 econometric models using the panel data method for a sample of 20 previously selected European countries (grouped by their GDP level) during the period 2001 to 2018 have been estimated to determine which explanatory factors affect female entrepreneurship and necessity-based female entrepreneurship. The empirical analysis used demonstrates that more women enter into entrepreneurship due to necessity rather than in pursuit of opportunity for European countries both with higher levels of GDP and for countries with lower levels of GDP. In this context, the following policy measures should be implemented to promote female entrepreneurship in Europe: the optimization of government spending (training courses and mentoring, public procurement, stronger networks, support in reconciling business and family life, etc.), the government incentives for subsidizing high interest rates to support women in accessing financing, and the improvement of entrepreneurship education to increase the confidence of women in themselves in their own entrepreneurial capabilities.

从2021年起，由于Covid-19大流行，预计女性企业家精神将大大增加。许多国家在国家或工作场所级别引入远程办公和交错工作时间，将使劳动与家庭生活之间的调和成为可能。本文的目的是找出影响欧洲女性企业家行为的最有影响力的解释性因素，以便随后提出有效的经济政策措施以促进这种行为。由于动机和因素在每种情况下都不同，因此已经考虑了机会与必要性之间的女性企业家的区别。在2001年至2018年期间，使用面板数据方法对20个先前选择的欧洲国家（按其GDP水平分组）的样本进行了15种计量经济学模型的估计，以确定哪些解释因素会影响女性创业和基于需求的女性创业。所使用的经验分析表明，由于国内生产总值较高的国家和国内生产总值较低的国家，更多的妇女是出于必要而不是为了寻求机会而创业。在这种情况下，应采取以下政策措施以促进欧洲的女性企业家精神：优化政府支出（培训课程和指导，公共采购，更牢固的网络，在和解与家庭生活方面的支持等），