This article aims to bring empirical evidence to the debate on the redistributive effects of the sharing economy, using Airbnb as an example. Peer-to-peer short-term rental platforms provide every inhabitant of a tourism area with the opportunity to be a stakeholder of the local accommodation industry by leasing an underutilized part of their property to tourists. Therefore, Airbnb could be seen as a way to redistribute the income influx brought by tourism to a whole community, beyond the professionals of the hotel industry. Yet, very little is known about the categories of the population who are actually engaged in this business. Based on data on hosts advertising listings in the Reykjavík Capital Region (Iceland), this article shows that affluent households are the most represented among the Airbnb hosts. It demonstrates that the most profitable listings are advertised by upper class households, whereas low-income households are significantly underrepresented among hosts and have less profitable listings. This article therefore confirms that Airbnb does not benefit homogeneously across all categories of the population and that it reproduces inequality patterns in tourism cities.

本文旨在为共享经济的再分配效应的辩论提供实证证据，以 Airbnb 为例。点对点短期租赁平台通过将未充分利用的部分财产出租给游客，为旅游区的每个居民提供成为当地住宿业利益相关者的机会。因此，Airbnb 可以被视为一种将旅游业带来的收入流入重新分配给整个社区的方式，超越了酒店业的专业人士。然而，人们对实际从事这项业务的人口类别知之甚少。根据雷克雅未克首都地区（冰岛）房东广告列表的数据，本文表明富裕家庭在 Airbnb 房东中的代表性最高。它表明，最赚钱的房源是由上层家庭做广告的，而低收入家庭在房东中的代表性明显不足，并且房源利润较低。因此，本文证实 Airbnb 并未在所有类别的人口中均等地受益，并且它再现了旅游城市中的不平等模式。