Superhydrophobic titanium surfaces with different line spacing (pitch) of 20, 50, 80 and 100 μm are fabricated using nanosecond laser patterning and their antibiofouling, superhydrophobicity, abrasion resistance and self-cleaning properties are studied. The surface morphology, surface profiles and surface roughness are obtained from scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy and surface profilometry. Initially, the dual scale roughness structured laser patterned surfaces were hydrophilic but on prolonged storage time in ambient conditions, average water contact angle (WCA) > 160° was obtained due to the accumulation of atmospheric hydrocarbon compounds on the surface which was confirmed by laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The laser patterned titanium samples exposed to the Pseudomonas sp., bacterial culture showed a 4-order reduction in bacterial adhesion as compared to control samples. Furthermore, the superhydrophobic laser patterned samples exhibited excellent water repellency at different ionic strength chloride solutions, photo-catalytic activity under visible light and abrasion resistance. The laser patterned titanium samples are found to regain the superhydrophobicity by replenishing the carbonaceous layer (denuded in organic solvents) on exposure to an open atmosphere for 14 days. This study provides new avenues to engineer the wetting properties of surfaces by varying laser patterning conditions.

使用纳秒激光刻蚀工艺制作了具有20、50、80和100μm的不同线距（间距）的超疏水钛表面，并研究了它们的抗生物结垢，超疏水性，耐磨性和自清洁性能。表面形态，表面轮廓和表面粗糙度可通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM），光学显微镜和表面轮廓测定法获得。最初，双尺度粗糙度结构化的激光图案化表面是亲水性的，但在环境条件下长时间存储时，由于大气碳氢化合物在表面上的积累，获得了平均水接触角（WCA）> 160°，这已由激光拉曼证实光谱（LRS）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）。激光图案化的钛样品暴露于与对照样品相比，假单胞菌属细菌培养物显示出细菌粘附力降低了4级。此外，超疏水激光图案化的样品在不同的离子强度氯化物溶液中表现出优异的拒水性，在可见光下的光催化活性和耐磨性。发现激光图案化的钛样品可通过在暴露于露天气氛下14天补充碳质层（在有机溶剂中裸露）来恢复超疏水性。这项研究为通过改变激光图案形成条件来设计表面的润湿性能提供了新途径。