1. Floral fire ecology incorporates a feedback loop in which plants influence fire behaviour and fire behaviour influences the flora. Recent advances in fire behaviour modelling have quantified many plant-based drivers of fire behaviour, but the consequent ecological effects of this have not yet been adequately modelled mechanistically.
2. Here, I introduce the Fire Research and Modelling Environment (FRaME) as the open-source R package frame on GitHub. FRaME calculates the influence of plants on fire behaviour using a biophysical, mechanistic model of fire behaviour, building this into complex simulations. From these, it models heat transfer from flames into surrounding surfaces, calculating its ecological effects on plants and soils. I demonstrate the application of the central analysis functions using a detailed case study, in which I validate predictions of fire behaviour and ecological effects, and derive quantitative measures for the efficacy of different management treatments to mitigate fire risk to a vulnerable ecosystem.
3. FRaME modelling predicted ecological effects such as the breaking of seed dormancy, scorch and the girdling of different tree strata, consistent with observed effects and providing insights into treatment efficacy that were not captured by existing assumptions. FRaME analyses were able to identify treatments that both increased the likelihood of success in containing fires and minimised fire impacts on a fire-sensitive ecosystem.
4. FRaME provides a platform to examine the full role of fire in an ecosystem, from the ways that biota drive flammability to the influence of that flammability on the ecosystem. By mechanistically incorporating the effect of biophysical drivers throughout this feedback, FRaME can provide novel insights and solutions for complex problems, quantify risk and guide effective mitigation measures. The model is extensible, providing a conceptual framework into which emerging work on flammability and fire effects can be incorporated.

中文翻译：

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在 R 中使用 FRaME 将火灾行为及其生态效应与植物性状联系起来

1. 花卉火生态包含一个反馈回路，其中植物影响火行为，火行为影响植物群。火灾行为建模的最新进展已经量化了许多基于植物的火灾行为驱动因素，但尚未对由此产生的生态影响进行充分的机械建模。
2. 在这里，我介绍了 Fire Research and Modeling Environment (FRaME) 作为GitHub 上的开源R包框架。FRaME 使用火灾行为的生物物理机械模型计算植物对火灾行为的影响，并将其构建到复杂的模拟中。从中，它模拟从火焰到周围表面的热传递，计算其对植物和土壤的生态影响。我使用详细的案例研究展示了中央分析功能的应用，在该研究中，我验证了火灾行为和生态影响的预测，并得出了不同管理方法的功效的量化措施，以减轻脆弱生态系统的火灾风险。
3. FRaME 模型预测了生态效应，例如打破种子休眠、烧焦和不同树层的环剥，与观察到的效应一致，并提供对现有假设未捕获的处理功效的见解。FRaME 分析能够确定既增加成功控制火灾的可能性又最大限度地减少火灾对火灾敏感生态系统影响的处理方法。
4. FRaME 提供了一个平台来检查火在生态系统中的全部作用，从生物群驱动可燃性的方式到可燃性对生态系统的影响。通过在整个反馈过程中机械地结合生物物理驱动因素的影响，FRaME 可以为复杂问题提供新颖的见解和解决方案，量化风险并指导有效的缓解措施。该模型是可扩展的，提供了一个概念框架，可以将有关可燃性和火灾影响的新兴工作纳入其中。