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Effective decontamination of Ca2+ and Mg2+ hardness from groundwater using innovative muscovite based sodalite in batch and fixed-bed column studies; dynamic and equilibrium studies
Journal of Contaminant Hydrology ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103817
Mohamed Abdel Salam 1 , Alyaa Adlii 2 , Mohamed Hamdy Eid 2 , Mostafa R Abukhadra 2
Affiliation  

A novel form of sodalite was synthesized from muscovite (M.SD) as low-cost softening material for both Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions from real groundwater in batch and column studies. The sodalite sample showed significant surface area (105 m2/g) and ion exchange capacity (87.3 meq/100 g) which qualifies it strong for softening applications. The incorporation of the M.SD as a fixed bed in column system at a fixed thickness of 4 cm and flow rates of 5 mL/min resulted in removal percentages of 90.5% and 92.2% for Ca2+ and Mg2+, respectively at pH 7.6. Considering the real concentrations of the ions (Ca2+ (233 mg/L) and Mg2+ (114 mg/L)), the M.SD bed has the ability to reduce their concentrations according to the recommended limits (75 mg/L for Ca2+ and 50 mg/L for Mg2+). These conditions resulted in purification of about 8.1 L and 8.7 L with breakthrough intervals of 1380 min and 1440 min; and saturation interval more than 1620 min for Ca2+ and Mg2+, respectively. The M.SD columns' performances were described considering the assumption of the Thomas model, Adams–Bohart model, and Yoon–Nelson model. The batch studies demonstrate the uptake of both Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions according to the Pseudo-First order kinetics and Langmuir equilibrium behaviour. Considering the values of Gaussian energies (0.77 KJ/mol (Ca2+) and 1.36 KJ/mol (Mg2+)), the uptake of these ions occurred by homogenous reactions of monolayer form and physical nature. The thermodynamic studies declared the spontaneous properties of the reactions and their exothermic properties.



中文翻译:

在间歇和固定床柱研究中使用创新的白云母基方钠石有效净化地下水中的 Ca2+ 和 Mg2+ 硬度;动态和平衡研究

在分批和柱状研究中,从白云母 (M.SD) 合成了一种新形式的方钠石,作为来自真实地下水的Ca 2+和 Mg 2+离子的低成本软化材料。方钠石样品显示出显着的表面积 (105 m 2 /g) 和离子交换容量 (87.3 meq/100 g),使其非常适合软化应用。将 M.SD 作为固定床加入柱系统中,固定厚度为 4 cm,流速为 5 mL/min,导致 Ca 2+和 Mg 2+ 的去除百分比分别为 90.5% 和 92.2% ,分别为pH 值 7.6。考虑到离子的实际浓度(Ca 2+ (233 mg/L) 和 Mg 2+(114 mg/L)),M.SD 床能够根据推荐限值降低其浓度(Ca 2+为 75 mg/L,Mg 2+为 50 mg/L )。这些条件导致约 8.1 L 和 8.7 L 的纯化,穿透间隔为 1380 分钟和 1440 分钟;Ca 2+和Mg 2+ 的饱和间隔分别超过1620 min 。考虑到 Thomas 模型、Adams-Bohart 模型和 Yoon-Nelson 模型的假设,描述了 M.SD 柱的性能。批量研究证明了 Ca 2+和 Mg 2+的吸收离子根据伪一级动力学和朗缪尔平衡行为。考虑到高斯能量值(0.77 KJ/mol (Ca 2+ ) 和 1.36 KJ/mol (Mg 2+ )),这些离子的吸收是通过单层形式和物理性质的均相反应发生的。热力学研究表明了反应的自发性质及其放热性质。

更新日期:2021-05-07
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