Quantifying the radiological risk from diagnostic radiography is essential for patients’ safety. Effective dose is considered the best quantity to determine the stochastic risk associated with the radiological examinations. Therefore, the present work investigated organ and effective dose for adult patients in the most common type of X-ray examinations, such as the chest (PA/LAT), abdomen (AP) and lumbar spine (AP/LAT) projections. The PCXMC version 2 Monte Carlo program was used to estimate the organ and effective dose for 547 patients who underwent a radiographic examination at the King Abdulaziz Hospital, Saudi Arabia. The results showed wide variation in organ doses. The largest organ dose in each X-ray examination were 2.72 mGy for the spleen in the lumbar spine (LAT), 1.98 mGy for the urinary bladder in the lumbar spine (AP), 0.40 mGy for the spleen in the chest (PA), 0.11 mGy for the kidney in the chest (LAT) and 1.78 mGy for the testicles in the abdomen (AP) examinations. Values for the effective dose were estimated for each investigated X-ray examination, and the results were compared with the published values available in the literature. The obtained values for effective dose were relatively lower than those reported by the European Commission and the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation for the same examinations. The results presented here will help establish a database that will be useful for future comparisons and monitoring in radiographic procedures.

中文翻译：

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在沙特阿拉伯接受医学诊断 X 射线检查的患者的器官和有效剂量的估计

量化诊断放射成像的放射风险对于患者的安全至关重要。有效剂量被认为是确定与放射检查相关的随机风险的最佳量。因此，目前的工作调查了成人患者在最常见的 X 射线检查类型中的器官和有效剂量，例如胸部 (PA/LAT)、腹部 (AP) 和腰椎 (AP/LAT) 投影。PCXMC 第 2 版 Monte Carlo 程序用于估计在沙特阿拉伯阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王医院接受放射检查的 547 名患者的器官和有效剂量。结果显示器官剂量差异很大。每次X线检查的最大器官剂量为腰椎脾脏（LAT）2.72 mGy，腰椎膀胱（AP）1.98 mGy，0。胸部脾脏 (PA) 40 mGy、胸部肾脏​​ (LAT) 0.11 mGy 和腹部睾丸 (AP) 检查 1.78 mGy。对每次调查的 X 射线检查的有效剂量值进行了估计，并将结果与​​文献中公布的值进行了比较。获得的有效剂量值相对低于欧盟委员会和联合国原子辐射影响科学委员会在相同检查中报告的值。此处提供的结果将有助于建立一个数据库，该数据库将有助于将来在放射照相程序中进行比较和监测。对每次调查的 X 射线检查的有效剂量值进行了估计，并将结果与​​文献中公布的值进行了比较。获得的有效剂量值相对低于欧盟委员会和联合国原子辐射影响科学委员会在相同检查中报告的值。此处提供的结果将有助于建立一个数据库，该数据库将有助于将来在放射照相程序中进行比较和监测。对每次调查的 X 射线检查的有效剂量值进行了估计，并将结果与​​文献中公布的值进行了比较。获得的有效剂量值相对低于欧盟委员会和联合国原子辐射影响科学委员会在相同检查中报告的值。此处提供的结果将有助于建立一个数据库，该数据库将有助于将来在放射照相程序中进行比较和监测。获得的有效剂量值相对低于欧盟委员会和联合国原子辐射影响科学委员会在相同检查中报告的值。此处提供的结果将有助于建立一个数据库，该数据库将有助于将来在放射照相程序中进行比较和监测。获得的有效剂量值相对低于欧盟委员会和联合国原子辐射影响科学委员会在相同检查中报告的值。此处提供的结果将有助于建立一个数据库，该数据库将有助于将来在放射照相程序中进行比较和监测。