Pharmaceutical compounds, such as antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), anticonvulsants, β-blocker, etc. have emerged as new classes of water pollutants due to their potential or proven adverse effects on human health and the aquatic environment. This paper aims to systematically review the current data available on the global occurrence and removal of 43 pharmaceutical compounds in municipal wastewater treatment plants (M-WWTPs) in the period from 2010 to 2020. Moreover, this work intends to assess the global daily mass load and emissions of pharmaceuticals in different regions. Nevertheless, the environmental risk of pharmaceuticals in the final effluents of M-WWTPs was also evaluated. Lastly, the guidelines and regulations concerning the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment were summarized and discussed. The findings highlighted that there is significant variation in the concentrations of pharmaceuticals between different regions. Meanwhile, the concentrations of pharmaceuticals in the influents of Asian region tend to be higher than those in other monitored regions. In this respect, the highest average daily mass loads were observed for acetaminophen (473 g/1000 in./day) and atenolol (592 g/1000 in./day), while amoxicillin (944 g/day), sulfamethoxazole (688.38 g/day) recorded the highest daily emissions. The environmental risk assessment based on the risk quotient (RQ) showed that twelve of the monitored pharmaceuticals pose a high potential risk to the aquatic ecosystems. The emphasized guidelines and regulations laid focus on the measures that can be used to mitigate the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the environment. Research needs and future recommendations are also identified and proposed.

药物化合物，例如抗生素，非甾体类抗炎药（NSAIDs），抗惊厥药，β受体阻滞剂等，已成为新型水污染物，因为它们对人类健康和水生环境具有潜在或已证明的不利影响。本文旨在系统地综述有关2010年至2020年期间市政污水处理厂（M-WWTP）中43种药物的全球发生和清除的现有数据。此外，这项工作还旨在评估全球日均质量负荷和不同地区药品的排放量。尽管如此，还评估了M-WWTP最终废水中药物的环境风险。最后，对与水生环境中药物的存在有关的准则和法规进行了总结和讨论。研究结果突出表明，不同地区之间的药物浓度存在显着差异。同时，亚洲地区进水口的药物浓度往往高于其他监测地区。在这方面，对乙酰氨基酚（473克/ 1000英寸/天）和阿替洛尔（592克/ 1000英寸/天），阿莫西林（944克/天），磺胺甲恶唑（688.38克）观察到的平均日平均负荷最高。 /天）记录了最高的每日排放量。根据风险商（RQ）进行的环境风险评估表明，受监测的药品中有十二种对水生生态系统构成了很高的潜在风险。强调的指导方针和法规集中于可用于减轻环境中药物的发生的措施。