Nutrients including glucose, nitrogen, sulfur, zinc, and iron are involved in the regulation of chronological lifespan (CLS) of yeast, which serves as a model of the lifespan of differentiated cells of higher organisms. Herein, we show that magnesium (Mg²⁺) depletion extends CLS of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe through a mechanism involving the Ecl1 gene family. We discovered that ecl1⁺ expression, which extends CLS, responds to Mg²⁺ depletion. Therefore, we investigated the underlying intracellular responses. In amino acid auxotrophic strains, Mg²⁺ depletion robustly induces ecl1⁺ expression through the activation of the general amino acid control (GAAC) pathway—the equivalent of the amino acid response of mammals. Polysome analysis indicated that the expression of Ecl1 family genes was required for regulating ribosome amount when cells were starved, suggesting that Ecl1 family gene products control the abundance of ribosomes, which contributes to longevity through the activation of the evolutionarily conserved GAAC pathway. The present study extends our understanding of the cellular response to Mg²⁺ depletion and its influence on the mechanism controlling longevity.

中文翻译：

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镁消耗通过一般氨基酸控制激活延长裂变酵母的寿命

包括葡萄糖、氮、硫、锌和铁在内的营养物质参与酵母按时间顺序寿命 (CLS) 的调节，可作为高等生物分化细胞寿命的模型。在此，我们展示了镁 (Mg ²⁺ ) 消耗通过涉及 Ecl1 基因家族的机制扩展了裂殖酵母粟酒裂殖酵母的CLS 。我们发现扩展 CLS 的ecl1 ⁺表达对 Mg ²⁺消耗有反应。因此，我们研究了潜在的细胞内反应。在氨基酸营养缺陷型菌株中，Mg ²⁺消耗强烈诱导ecl1 ⁺通过激活一般氨基酸控制 (GAAC) 途径（相当于哺乳动物的氨基酸反应）表达。Polysome 分析表明，当细胞饥饿时，Ecl1 家族基因的表达是调节核糖体数量所必需的，这表明 Ecl1 家族基因产物控制着核糖体的丰度，这通过激活进化上保守的 GAAC 途径有助于长寿。本研究扩展了我们对 Mg ²⁺消耗的细胞反应及其对控制寿命的机制的影响的理解。