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Neurovascular unit in diabetic retinopathy: pathophysiological roles and potential therapeutical targets
Eye and Vision ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-01 , DOI: 10.1186/s40662-021-00239-1
Shen Nian 1 , Amy C Y Lo 2 , Yajing Mi 3 , Kai Ren 4 , Di Yang 5
Affiliation  

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the common complications of diabetes, is the leading cause of visual loss in working-age individuals in many industrialized countries. It has been traditionally regarded as a purely microvascular disease in the retina. However, an increasing number of studies have shown that DR is a complex neurovascular disorder that affects not only vascular structure but also neural tissue of the retina. Deterioration of neural retina could precede microvascular abnormalities in the DR, leading to microvascular changes. Furthermore, disruption of interactions among neurons, vascular cells, glia and local immune cells, which collectively form the neurovascular unit, is considered to be associated with the progression of DR early on in the disease. Therefore, it makes sense to develop new therapeutic strategies to prevent or reverse retinal neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation and impaired cell-cell interactions of the neurovascular unit in early stage DR. Here, we present current perspectives on the pathophysiology of DR as a neurovascular disease, especially at the early stage. Potential novel treatments for preventing or reversing neurovascular injuries in DR are discussed as well.

中文翻译:

糖尿病性视网膜病变中的神经血管单位:病理生理作用和潜在的治疗靶点

糖尿病性视网膜病(DR)是糖尿病的常见并发症之一,是许多工业化国家劳动年龄人群视力丧失的主要原因。传统上,它被认为是视网膜中的纯微血管疾病。但是,越来越多的研究表明,DR是一种复杂的神经血管疾病,不仅会影响血管结构,还会影响视网膜的神经组织。神经视网膜的恶化可能先于DR中的微血管异常,从而导致微血管改变。此外,共同形成神经血管单位的神经元,血管细胞,神经胶质细胞和局部免疫细胞之间相互作用的破坏被认为与疾病早期DR的进展有关。所以,在早期DR中,开发新的治疗策略以预防或逆转视网膜神经变性,神经炎症和神经血管单元的细胞间相互作用受损是有意义的。在这里,我们提出关于DR作为神经血管疾病的病理生理学的当前观点,尤其是在早期阶段。还讨论了预防或逆转DR中神经血管损伤的潜在新疗法。
更新日期:2021-05-02
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