Objectives

The purpose of the present study was to assess the mediating effects of emotion regulation and perception of self (i.e., shame) on the relationship between early attachment-based caregiving and self-compassion in early adulthood.

Methods

Participants were 233 ethnically diverse undergraduate students (61% females, 39% males) between 18 and 28 years old (M = 22.7 years) from a midsized southwestern university in the USA. Participants completed a questionnaire comprised of scales assessing early attachment-based caregiving, emotion regulation, shame, and self-compassion. Structural equation modeling (SEM) using EQS (version 6.1) was used to analyze the data.

Results

Results showed an indirect association of early attachment-based caregiving with self-compassion through emotion regulation and perception of self (as measured by “shame”); a direct, moderate association of early attachment-based caregiving with emotion regulation and shame; a direct, moderate association of shame with self-compassion; and a direct, large association of emotion regulation with self-compassion.

Conclusion

The results of this study suggest that the quality of the early caregiving environment is related to young adults’ emotion regulation and shame proneness, which in turn are linked to their subsequent capacity for self-compassion. These findings are consistent with other studies suggesting the important role of early attachment-based caregiving for the development of emotion regulation, positive self, empathy, and psychological well-being.

中文翻译：

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早期护理环境对同情的影响：情绪调节和羞耻的中介作用

目标

本研究的目的是评估情绪调节和自我知觉（即羞耻）对成年早期基于依恋的照护和自我同情之间关系的中介作用。

方法

参加者是来自美国西南部中型大学的233名年龄在18至28岁（M = 22.7岁）之间的种族多元化的本科生（女性为61％，男性为39％）。参与者完成了一份问卷，该问卷包括评估基于依恋的早期照护，情绪调节，羞耻和同情心的量表。使用EQS（版本6.1）进行结构方程建模（SEM）来分析数据。

结果

结果显示，早期依恋方式的护理与通过情绪调节和自我知觉（以“羞耻”来衡量）的自我同情之间存在间接联系；与依恋有关的早期照护与情绪调节和羞耻的直接，适度的联系；羞耻与自我同情的直接，适度的联系；以及情绪调节与自我同情的直接，广泛的联系。

结论

这项研究的结果表明，早期护理环境的质量与年轻人的情绪调节和羞辱倾向有关，而后者又与他们随后的自我同伴能力有关。这些发现与其他研究一致，表明基于依恋的早期护理对于情绪调节，积极的自我，同理心和心理健康的发展具有重要作用。