Agricultural intensification is one of the most important drivers of biodiversity loss. To preserve taxonomic diversity in agricultural landscapes, there is an increasing need for refuge areas within agroecosystems, but best practices for providing such sites are debated. Here, we compared the taxonomic diversity and trait composition of spiders, being important terrestrial predators, among cereal fields, grassy field margins, set aside fields sown with wildflowers, and semi-natural sites within an agricultural landscape in western Germany. Spider taxonomic diversity was similarly high in all non-crop habitats, indicating a surprisingly high value of field margins and set-aside fields. Cereal fields, in contrast, were dominated by a few, mainly euryecious species. Moreover, community mean body size was smallest on cereal fields but highest on semi-natural sites, suggesting that spider body size may serve as a valuable indicator of the level of anthropogenic disturbance. Spider communities differed partly among non-crop habitats, stressing the need for combining different conservation measures to maximize taxonomic biodiversity and trait composition. These should also include remnants of natural vegetation, which were especially important for large and red list species and therefore for reaching the aims of nature conservation.

农业集约化是生物多样性丧失的最重要驱动力之一。为了保护农业景观中的分类学多样性，对农业生态系统内的避难区的需求日益增加，但是关于提供此类场所的最佳做法却存在争议。在这里，我们比较了作为重要陆生天敌的蜘蛛的分类学多样性和性状组成，这些谷类作物是麦田，草田边缘，预留野花的田地和德国西部农业景观中的半自然地点。在所有非作物生境中，蜘蛛的分类学多样性同样很高，这表明田间边缘和预留田地的价值出奇地高。相比之下，谷物田地则以少数几个主要为良性的物种为主。而且，谷物平均群落大小在谷物田中最小，但在半自然遗址中最高，表明蜘蛛的体型可以作为人为干扰水平的重要指标。在非作物生境中，蜘蛛群落部分不同，强调必须结合不同的保护措施，以最大程度地提高生物分类生物多样性和性状组成。这些还应包括自然植被的残留物，这对于大型和红色名录物种尤其重要，因此对于实现自然保护的目标尤其重要。强调需要结合不同的保护措施，以最大限度地提高生物多样性和性状的分类。这些还应包括自然植被的残留物，这对于大型和红色名录物种尤其重要，因此对于实现自然保护的目标尤其重要。强调需要结合不同的保护措施，以最大限度地提高生物多样性和性状的分类。这些还应包括自然植被的残留物，这对于大型和红色名录物种尤其重要，因此对于实现自然保护的目标尤其重要。