The Sand Motor is a very large (20 million m3) nourishment constructed along the coast in The Netherlands. The huge volume of sand is redistributed along the coast by natural forces stemming from tidal currents and waves. For environmental evaluation of this large construction, the benthic subtidal fauna has been sampled prior to the construction of the Sand Motor, and at 1, 2, 4 and 6 years after construction. Although some significant differences between years can be found, overall the total density, total biomass and average number of species per sample were surprisingly constant over this time period. However, large differences were found in the species accumulation curves over samples, and in the rank-biomass and rank-abundance plots. These were related to two important trends in the communities. First, the invasive mollusk Ensis leei, the biomass dominant in the years before construction of the Sand Motor, dwindled in importance in later years. Recruitment of the species failed, but it is unclear whether, and how, this is related to the construction of the Sand Motor. Second, the correlation structure between depth, grain size, bottom shear stress due to waves and currents, which is very tight along a linear coast, was disrupted by the Sand Motor. The community composition was shown to depend strongly on these physical factors. The nature of the dependencies did not change, but the range of different combinations of factors after construction of the Sand Motor was widely larger than before. Although samples had similar number of species per sample before and after construction, the average difference between samples after construction was much larger than before. The Sand Motor is a very large construction, leading to loss of a substantial area (order 100 ha) of submarine area, which recovers at a long time scale. Total disturbance of benthos by burial, expressed as area*(time before full recovery) was shown to be similar for the Sand Motor and for other coastal nourishment schemes when expressed per unit volume of sediment applied. However, in contrast to beach and shoreface nourishments, the Sand Motor led to a habitat diversification in the coastal zone.

中文翻译：

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大量营养（沙土运动）影响潮下底栖动物的景观多样性

沙车是一种非常大的营养食品（2000万立方米），位于荷兰沿海地区。潮汐和海浪产生的自然力使大量的沙子沿着海岸重新分布。为了对这种大型建筑进行环境评估，在建造沙车之前以及建造后的1、2、4和6年对底栖潮汐动物进行了采样。尽管可以发现不同年份之间存在一些显着差异，但在此期间，总的总密度，总生物量和每个样本的平均物种数令人惊讶地恒定。然而，在样品的物种积累曲线，等级生物量和等级丰度图上发现了很大的差异。这些与社区中的两个重要趋势有关。首先，侵入性软体动物恩西斯·雷（Ensis leei）在沙车建造之前的几年中，生物质占主导地位，后来的重要性下降。该物种的招募失败，但是目前尚不清楚这是否以及如何与沙盘汽车的建造有关。其次，沿线性海岸非常紧密的深度，晶粒尺寸，波浪和水流引起的底部剪切应力之间的相关结构被Sand Motor破坏了。事实表明，社区构成很大程度上取决于这些物理因素。依存关系的性质没有改变，但是沙车制造后各种因素的不同组合的范围比以前大得多。尽管样品在构建之前和之后具有相似的物种数量，但是构建后样品之间的平均差异比之前要大得多。沙盘车是一个非常大的结构，会导致大量海底面积（约100公顷）损失，并会在很长一段时间内恢复。当以每单位沉积物的沉积量表示时，对于Sand Motor和其他沿海营养方案，通过掩埋方式对底栖生物的总扰动表示为面积*（完全恢复之前的时间）。但是，与海滩和岸上的食物相比，沙盘汽车导致了沿海地区栖息地的多样化。当以每单位沉积量的沉积物表示时，对于Sand Motor和其他沿海营养计划而言，表示为面积*（完全恢复之前的时间）的数值相似。但是，与海滩和岸上的食物相比，沙盘汽车导致了沿海地区栖息地的多样化。当以每单位沉积量的沉积物表示时，对于Sand Motor和其他沿海营养计划而言，表示为面积*（完全恢复之前的时间）的数值相似。但是，与海滩和岸上的食物相比，沙盘汽车导致了沿海地区栖息地的多样化。