Magnesium lithium dual ion batteries (MLIBs) possess the advantages of Mg anodes with low dendrite formation tendency, high volumetric capacity and abundant resources. The fast reaction kinetics of Li⁺ ions for the whole electrochemical redox processes contribute to provide high reversible capacity and long cycle life. In this study, we propose one type of MLIBs coupled with Mg anodes, flower-like cobalt sulfide (CoS) cathodes, all-phenyl complex (APC) and lithium chloride dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) derived APC-x LiCl/THF (x=0–0.8 mol L⁻¹) electrolytes. By virtue of APC-0.8 LiCl/THF electrolyte, the capacity of MLIB increases gradually to a high capacity of 507 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹ and maintains a reversible capacity of 219 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.5 A g⁻¹ after 500 cycles. More significantly, Mg²⁺ and Li⁺ ions co-conversion mechanism on the CoS cathodes is demonstrated for MLIBs. The systems studied here may offer insights in the design of MLIBs.

中文翻译：

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用于高性能镁锂双离子电池的锂盐控制电解质和花状硫化钴阴极

镁锂双离子电池（MLIBs）具有镁负极枝晶形成趋势低、体积容量高和资源丰富等优点。Li ⁺离子在整个电化学氧化还原过程中的快速反应动力学有助于提供高可逆容量和长循环寿命。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种与镁阳极、花状硫化钴 (CoS) 阴极、全苯基络合物 (APC) 和氯化锂溶解在四氢呋喃 (THF) 中衍生的 APC- x LiCl/THF ( x =0–0.8 mol L ^-1 ) 电解质。凭借 APC-0.8 LiCl/THF 电解液，MLIB 的容量逐渐增加到0.1 A g ^-1时的 507 mAh g ^-1的高容量并在 500 次循环后在 0.5 A g ^{-1 下}保持 219 mAh g ^-1的可逆容量。更重要的是，MLIB 证明了 CoS 阴极上的Mg ²⁺和 Li ⁺离子共转化机制。这里研究的系统可能会为 MLIB 的设计提供见解。