Haze pollution occurs frequently in Xi'an-centerd Guanzhong Plain (GZP) in winter. In this study, a vehicle-based lidar system was used for monitoring the vertical distribution of aerosol particulates during a typical winter haze episode over GZP. Fixed-point lidar observations were combined with field observations of particle charging in Xi'an city to investigate the distribution of atmospheric particles and the process of formation of particulate pollution. Mobile lidar observations were conducted over three navigation routes in Xi'an and its neighboring cities to investigate the origin and transport of aerosol particles, and meteorological interactions over GZP. The results demonstrated that local emissions were the main cause of near-surface particulate pollution. Fluctuations in humidity promoted particle charging and enhanced particle growth. Polluted dust particles entrained by air mass could be transported from the northwest to high-altitude areas of Xi'an. Mobile lidar observations showed that aerosol particles in the Xi'an-Xianyang area exhibited a clear vertically stratified structure under 1900 m height; there was only one aerosol layer concentrated within 900 m from the ground in Baoji and the near-ground extinction coefficient was relatively high. A larger aerosol optical depth (AOD) was observed in Xi'an-Xianyang than in Baoji, indicating that AOD could be affected by the elevated aerosol layers within the boundary layer. The combined methods of fixed and mobile lidar measurements, and satellite information can be applied in other regions and supply detailed information for air quality models.

冬季，以西安为中心的关中平原（GZP）经常发生雾霾污染。在这项研究中，基于车辆的激光雷达系统用于监测GZP上典型的冬季霾天气期间气溶胶颗粒的垂直分布。西安市将定点激光雷达观测与颗粒物带电的野外观测相结合，研究了大气颗粒物的分布和颗粒物污染的形成过程。在西安及其邻近城市的三条航行路线上进行了移动激光雷达观测，以调查气溶胶颗粒的起源和运输以及GZP上的气象相互作用。结果表明，局部排放是近地表颗粒物污染的主要原因。湿度的波动促进了颗粒的带电并增强了颗粒的生长。气团夹带的污染的尘埃颗粒可以从西北向西安的高海拔地区输送。流动激光雷达的观测结果表明，西安咸阳地区的气溶胶颗粒在1900 m高处呈现出清晰的垂直分层结构。宝鸡市离地面900 m以内只有一层气溶胶层，近地面消光系数较高。西安-咸阳地区观测到的气溶胶光学深度（AOD）比宝鸡地区大，这表明边界层内升高的气溶胶层可能会影响AOD。固定和移动激光雷达测量的组合方法，