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BiGRU based online multi-modal driving maneuvers and trajectory prediction
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-29 , DOI: 10.1177/09544070211014317
Yongshuai Zhi 1 , Zhipeng Bao 1 , Sumin Zhang 1 , Rui He 1
Affiliation  

Accurately predicting maneuvers and trajectory of vehicles are essential prerequisites for intelligent systems such as autonomous vehicles to achieve safe and high-quality decision making and motion planning. Motions of each vehicle in a scene is governed by the traffic context, that is, the motion and relative spatial positions of neighboring vehicles, and is also affected by its motion inertia, that is, the trajectory history. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme based on Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BiGRU) to conduct online multi-modal driving maneuvers and trajectory prediction. The motivation for this BiGRU based method relies on its enhanced prediction accuracy and computational efficiency in outputting the predicted results within the limited prediction horizon. We utilize a BiGRU to extract the complete history and future information of every point in the trajectory history sequence, apply dilated convolutional social (DCS) for learning interdependencies in vehicle motion, and subsequently use a GRU decoder model to make predictions. Additionally, our model simultaneously outputs a multi-modal predictive distribution over future trajectory and vehicle’s behavior prediction results. We evaluate our model using the publicly available NGSIM US-101and I-80 datasets. Our results show improvements over the state-of-the-art in terms of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values and Negative Log-Likelihoods (NLL). We also present a qualitative analysis of the model’s predicted maneuvers and multi-model trajectories for various traffic scenarios.



中文翻译:

基于BiGRU的在线多模式驾驶行为和轨迹预测

准确预测车辆的机动性和轨迹是智能系统(例如自动驾驶汽车)实现安全,高质量的决策和运动计划的必要先决条件。场景中每个车辆的运动受交通环境(即相邻车辆的运动和相对空间位置)控制,并且还受其运动惯性(即轨迹历史)影响。在本文中,我们提出了一种基于双向门控递归单元(BiGRU)的新方案,以进行在线多模式驾驶机动和轨迹预测。这种基于BiGRU的方法的动机在于在有限的预测范围内输出预测结果时,其增强的预测准确性和计算效率。我们利用BiGRU来提取轨迹历史序列中每个点的完整历史记录和未来信息,将膨胀卷积社会(DCS)用于学习车辆运动的相互依赖性,然后使用GRU解码器模型进行预测。此外,我们的模型同时输出未来轨迹和车辆行为预测结果的多模式预测分布。我们使用公开可用的NGSIM US-101和I-80数据集评估模型。我们的结果表明,相对于最新的均方根误差(RMSE)值和负对数似然(NLL)而言,这些改进。我们还针对各种交通场景对模型的预测机动性和多模型轨迹进行了定性分析。将膨胀卷积社交(DCS)应用于学习车辆运动中的相互依赖性,然后使用GRU解码器模型进行预测。此外,我们的模型同时输出未来轨迹和车辆行为预测结果的多模式预测分布。我们使用公开可用的NGSIM US-101和I-80数据集评估模型。我们的结果表明,相对于最新的均方根误差(RMSE)值和负对数似然(NLL)而言,这些改进。我们还针对各种交通场景对模型的预测机动性和多模型轨迹进行了定性分析。将膨胀卷积社交(DCS)应用于学习车辆运动中的相互依赖性,然后使用GRU解码器模型进行预测。此外,我们的模型同时输出未来轨迹和车辆行为预测结果的多模式预测分布。我们使用公开可用的NGSIM US-101和I-80数据集评估模型。我们的结果表明,相对于最新的均方根误差(RMSE)值和负对数似然(NLL)而言,这些改进。我们还针对各种交通场景对模型的预测机动性和多模型轨迹进行了定性分析。我们的模型同时输出未来轨迹和车辆行为预测结果的多模式预测分布。我们使用公开可用的NGSIM US-101和I-80数据集评估模型。我们的结果表明,相对于最新的均方根误差(RMSE)值和负对数似然(NLL)而言,这些改进。我们还针对各种交通场景对模型的预测机动性和多模型轨迹进行了定性分析。我们的模型同时输出未来轨迹和车辆行为预测结果的多模式预测分布。我们使用公开可用的NGSIM US-101和I-80数据集评估模型。我们的结果表明,相对于最新的均方根误差(RMSE)值和负对数似然(NLL)而言,这些改进。我们还针对各种交通场景对模型的预测机动性和多模型轨迹进行了定性分析。

更新日期:2021-04-29
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