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Food Web Trophic Structure at Marine Ranch Sites off the East Coast of Korea
Frontiers in Marine Science ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-29 , DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.653281 Hee Yoon Kang , Young-Jae Lee , Changseong Kim , Dongyoung Kim , Doo-Ho Kim , Jun-Ho Kim , Dong-Lim Choi , Chang-Keun Kang
Frontiers in Marine Science ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-29 , DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.653281 Hee Yoon Kang , Young-Jae Lee , Changseong Kim , Dongyoung Kim , Doo-Ho Kim , Jun-Ho Kim , Dong-Lim Choi , Chang-Keun Kang
Understanding the trophic ecology of the giant Pacific octopus Enteroctopus dofleini is challenging in developing marine ranches and in reestablishing its regional stocks against the severe stress of fishing. We adopted carbon and nitrogen stable isotope techniques (termed 13C and 15N, respectively) to identify the trophic niche (i.e., pathways and positions) of this species systematically in the entire food webs of two marine ranches off the east coast of the Korean peninsula. While a slight spatial shift in the isotopic nestedness of faunal communities was observed, the 13C and 15N values of consumers were distinct and separate among functional groups at both ranches. The consumer 13C values spanned a broad range between pelagic and benthic sources of organic matter, and their 15N values recorded a stepwise trophic-level enrichment, indicating that suspension feeders and herbivore-deposit feeders served as baselines of pelagic- and benthic-based trophic pathways, respectively. The 13C values of predators, including E. dofleini, were arrayed between the two primary consumer groups. Neither 13C nor 15N values showed any remarkable variations with increasing octopus weight. Dietary mixing-model calculations indicated that E. dofleini is a generalist predator relying on both benthic- and pelagic-affinity prey, similar to some teleost species that consume a diverse spectrum of prey. In contrast, other teleost groups showed prevalent trophic links with either pelagic- or benthic-based pathways. The trophic-level estimations revealed that E. dofleini occupies an intermediate position slightly below the teleosts. A lack of discrete trophic positions between E. dofleini and teleosts seemed to be indicative of the released teleost predation but instead reflects the imposed food competition. Overall, the results demonstrated that despite compositional changes in the taxa constituting individual trophic groups, E. dofleini occupied a very similar trophic niche in both ranching systems. Finally, as extracted from information based on octopus marine ranches launched on natural rocky bottoms, our isotopic evidence provides a greater understanding of the trophic ecology of this octopus species in nearshore natural habitats along the southwestern margin of its distribution range.
中文翻译:
韩国东海岸海洋牧场地点的食物网营养结构
在开发海洋牧场和重建其区域种群以应对严重的捕捞压力方面,了解巨型章鱼的营养生态学是具有挑战性的。我们采用碳和氮稳定同位素技术(分别称为13C和15N)来系统地在朝鲜族东海岸的两个海洋牧场的整个食物网中识别该物种的营养位(即途径和位置)半岛。虽然观察到动物群落的同位素嵌套有轻微的空间变化,但在两个牧场的功能组中,消费者的13C和15N值是不同的和分开的。消费者的13C值涵盖了中上层和底栖有机物来源之间的广泛范围,而他们的15N值记录了逐步的营养级富集,表明悬浮饲养者和草食动物沉积饲养者分别作为基于上层和底栖的营养路径的基线。包括E. dofleini在内的捕食者的13C值排列在两个主要的消费群体之间。C13C和15N值均未显示出章鱼重量增加的显着变化。饮食混合模型计算表明,E。dofleini是一个通体捕食者,同时依赖底栖和中上亲和力的猎物,类似于一些消耗多种猎物的硬骨鱼类。相比之下,其他硬骨鱼类群体则以基于上层或底栖的途径表现出普遍的营养联系。营养级估算表明,E。dofleini处于中间位置,位于硬骨鱼的下方。E之间缺乏离散的营养位置。dofleini和硬骨鱼似乎表明已释放硬骨鱼,但反映了强加的食物竞争。总体而言,结果表明,尽管构成单个营养类的类群的组成发生了变化,但E. dofleini在这两个牧场系统中仍占据着非常相似的营养生态位。最后,从基于在自然岩石底发射的章鱼海洋牧场的信息中提取的同位素证据,我们可以更好地了解章鱼物种在其分布范围西南边缘的近岸自然栖息地的营养生态。Dofleini在两个牧场系统中都占据了非常相似的营养位。最后,从基于在自然岩石底发射的章鱼海洋牧场的信息中提取的同位素证据,我们可以更好地了解章鱼物种在其分布范围西南边缘的近岸自然栖息地的营养生态。Dofleini在两个牧场系统中都占据了非常相似的营养位。最后,从基于在自然岩石底发射的章鱼海洋牧场的信息中提取的同位素证据,我们可以更好地了解章鱼物种在其分布范围西南边缘的近岸自然栖息地的营养生态。
更新日期:2021-04-29
中文翻译:
韩国东海岸海洋牧场地点的食物网营养结构
在开发海洋牧场和重建其区域种群以应对严重的捕捞压力方面,了解巨型章鱼的营养生态学是具有挑战性的。我们采用碳和氮稳定同位素技术(分别称为13C和15N)来系统地在朝鲜族东海岸的两个海洋牧场的整个食物网中识别该物种的营养位(即途径和位置)半岛。虽然观察到动物群落的同位素嵌套有轻微的空间变化,但在两个牧场的功能组中,消费者的13C和15N值是不同的和分开的。消费者的13C值涵盖了中上层和底栖有机物来源之间的广泛范围,而他们的15N值记录了逐步的营养级富集,表明悬浮饲养者和草食动物沉积饲养者分别作为基于上层和底栖的营养路径的基线。包括E. dofleini在内的捕食者的13C值排列在两个主要的消费群体之间。C13C和15N值均未显示出章鱼重量增加的显着变化。饮食混合模型计算表明,E。dofleini是一个通体捕食者,同时依赖底栖和中上亲和力的猎物,类似于一些消耗多种猎物的硬骨鱼类。相比之下,其他硬骨鱼类群体则以基于上层或底栖的途径表现出普遍的营养联系。营养级估算表明,E。dofleini处于中间位置,位于硬骨鱼的下方。E之间缺乏离散的营养位置。dofleini和硬骨鱼似乎表明已释放硬骨鱼,但反映了强加的食物竞争。总体而言,结果表明,尽管构成单个营养类的类群的组成发生了变化,但E. dofleini在这两个牧场系统中仍占据着非常相似的营养生态位。最后,从基于在自然岩石底发射的章鱼海洋牧场的信息中提取的同位素证据,我们可以更好地了解章鱼物种在其分布范围西南边缘的近岸自然栖息地的营养生态。Dofleini在两个牧场系统中都占据了非常相似的营养位。最后,从基于在自然岩石底发射的章鱼海洋牧场的信息中提取的同位素证据,我们可以更好地了解章鱼物种在其分布范围西南边缘的近岸自然栖息地的营养生态。Dofleini在两个牧场系统中都占据了非常相似的营养位。最后,从基于在自然岩石底发射的章鱼海洋牧场的信息中提取的同位素证据,我们可以更好地了解章鱼物种在其分布范围西南边缘的近岸自然栖息地的营养生态。