ABSTRACT

Table tennis was first played as an Olympic sport at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. Yet its official body, the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF), had not always sought Olympic recognition. Founded in 1926, the ITTF was in conflict with the Olympic movement in its early years. While the democratised and apolitical vision of table tennis did not appear to be fundamentally at odds with Olympic values, amateurism was an obstacle for the federation. As a result, only after 50 years, in 1977, did the ITTF finally bow to the principles of the International Olympic Committee (IOC). Thereafter, Olympic recognition became a major symbolic and economic pillar of the ITTF’s development strategy. The aims of the two institutions became aligned as the popularity of table tennis internationally, particularly in Asia, contributed to the goal of globalising the Olympics. This rapprochement with Asian markets accelerated under the IOC presidency of Juan Antonio Samaranch from 1981, leading to the inclusion of the discipline in the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games.

摘要

乒乓球在 1988 年首尔夏季奥运会上首次作为奥运会项目进行比赛。然而，其官方机构国际乒联（ITTF）并不总是寻求奥运会的认可。国际乒联成立于1926年，早年与奥林匹克运动发生冲突。尽管乒乓球的民主化和非政治化愿景似乎与奥林匹克价值观没有根本的冲突，但业余运动却是该联合会的障碍。结果，直到 50 年后的 1977 年，国际乒联才终于向国际奥委会（IOC）的原则低头。此后，奥运认可成为国际乒联发展战略的主要象征和经济支柱。随着乒乓球在国际上的流行，特别是在亚洲，这两个机构的目标变得一致。为奥运全球化的目标做出了贡献。自 1981 年胡安·安东尼奥·萨马兰奇 (Juan Antonio Samaranch) 担任国际奥委会主席后，与亚洲市场的关系加速了这一进程，导致该项目被纳入 1988 年汉城奥运会。