Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication in vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) has emerged as a crucial component in advanced Intelligent Transport System (ITS) for information transmission and vehicular communication. One of the vital research challenges in VANET is the design and implementation of novel network routing protocols which bring reliable end-to-end connectivity and efficient packet transmission to V2X communication. The organically changing nature of road traffic vehicles poses a significant threat to VANET with respect to the accuracy and reliability of packets delivery. Therefore, position-based routing protocols tend to be the predominant method in VANET as they overcome rapid changes in vehicle movements effectively. However, existing routing protocols have some limitations such as (i) inaccurate in high dynamic network topology, (ii) defective link-state estimation (iii) poor movement prediction in heterogeneous road layouts. Therefore, a novel target-driven and mobility prediction (TDMP) based routing protocol is developed in this paper for high-speed mobility and dynamic topology of vehicles, fluctuant traffic flow and diverse road layouts in VANET. To implement an effective routing protocol, TDMP primarily involves the destination target of a driver for the mobility prediction and Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) for the inter-vehicular link-status estimation. Compared to existing geographic routing protocols which mainly greedily forward the packet to the next-hop based on its current position and partial road layout, the proposed TDMP is able to enhance the packet transmission with the consideration of the estimation of inter-vehicular link status, and the prediction of vehicle positions dynamically in fluctuant mobility and global road layout. Based on the extensive simulations carried out on operational road environments with varying configurations and complexity, the experimental results show better performance in terms of improving packet delivery ratio by 21-57%, reducing end-to-end delay by 13-47% and average hops count by 17-48% in comparison with several typical position-based routing protocols, such as GPSR, GyTAR and PGRP.

车载自组织网络（VANET）中的车对所有（V2X）通信已成为先进的智能传输系统（ITS）中用于信息传输和车辆通信的关键组件。VANET的主要研究挑战之一是新颖的网络路由协议的设计和实现，该协议将可靠的端到端连接性和有效的数据包传输带到V2X通信中。道路交通车辆的有机变化本质在数据包传递的准确性和可靠性方面对VANET构成了重大威胁。因此，基于位置的路由协议往往是VANET中的主要方法，因为它们有效地克服了车辆运动的快速变化。但是，现有的路由协议有一些局限性，例如（i）高动态网络拓扑中的不准确，（ii）有缺陷的链路状态估计（iii）异构道路布局中的运动预测较差。因此，本文针对VANET中车辆的高速移动性和动态拓扑，交通流量波动和多样化的道路布局，开发了一种基于目标驱动和移动性预测（TDMP）的新型路由协议。为了实现有效的路由协议，TDMP主要涉及用于移动性预测的驾驶员目的地目标以及用于车辆间链路状态估计的接收信号强度指示器（RSSI）。相对于现有的地理路由协议，该协议主要根据其当前位置和部分道路布局将数据包贪婪地转发到下一跳，而所提出的TDMP能够通过考虑车辆间链路状态的估计来增强数据包的传输，以及在动荡性和全球道路布局中动态预测车辆位置。基于在具有不同配置和复杂性的运营道路环境上进行的广泛仿真，实验结果显示出更好的性能，可以将数据包传输率提高21-57％，将端到端延迟降低13-47％，并且平均与几种典型的基于位置的路由协议（例如GPSR，GyTAR和PGRP）相比，跳数占17-48％。