Mammillaria (Cactaceae) taxonomy has been historically problematic due to the morphological variability and sympatry of the species. This has led to several proposals for infrageneric classification, including subgeneric, section and series categories. Mammillaria ser. Supertextae is one of 15 series and is made up of a variable set of species that are mainly distributed in southern Mexico and Central America. However, the phylogenetic relationships within M. ser. Supertextae and its relationship to other Mammillaria taxa are far from fully understood. Here we attempt to elucidate these relationships using complete terminal sampling and newly obtained chloroplast marker sequences and comparing them to Mammillaria species sequences from GenBank. Our phylogenetic analyses showed that M. ser. Supertextae comprises a well-supported monophyletic group that diverged approximately 2.1 Mya and has M. ser. Polyacanthae as its sister group; however, relationships within M. ser. Supertextae remain unresolved. The topology obtained within M. ser. Supertextae must also be interpreted under the distribution shared by these taxa, but it is difficult to differentiate ancestral polymorphisms from possible introgression, given the short time elapsed and the markers used. Our results show that the infrageneric units of M. haageana and M. albilanata can be considered independent evolutionary units. We also suggest that the relationship between M. haageana and M. albilanata is convoluted because their distribution overlaps (mainly towards southern Mexico), with genetic differences that possibly indicate they represent more than two taxonomic entities. One possible explanation is that there could still be gene flow between these taxa, and we might be witnessing an ongoing speciation process.

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评估Mammillaria系列超文本科（仙人掌科）的单性

由于该物种的形态变异性和象征性，Mammillaria（仙人掌科）分类法一直以来都是有问题的。这导致了针对基础属类分类的一些建议，包括亚属类，科目和系列类别。Mammillaria系列。Supertextae是15个系列中的一个，由一组可变的物种组成，主要分布在墨西哥南部和中美洲。但是，M。ser。内部的系统发育关系。超文本科及其与其他Mammillaria分类群的关系远未得到充分理解。在这里，我们尝试使用完整的末端采样和新获得的叶绿体标记序列来阐明这些关系，并将其与GenBank中的Mammillaria物种序列进行比较。我们的系统发育分析表明，M。ser。Supertextae包含一个良好支持的单系群，其发散性约为2.1 Mya，并具有M. ser。Polyacanthae是它的姐妹群；但是，M。ser。内部的关系。超文本仍未解决。在M. ser。中获得的拓扑。还必须在这些分类单元共享的分布下解释超文本，但鉴于时间短且使用了标记，很难区分祖先的多态性与可能的基因渗入。我们的研究结果表明，ha.anagenata和M. albilanata的下属单位可以被认为是独立的进化单位。我们还建议，由于它们的分布重叠（主要向墨西哥南部）重叠，所以haageana分枝杆菌和albilanata分枝杆菌之间的关系令人费解，其遗传差异可能表明它们代表了两个以上的生物分类实体。