Diffraction tomography is a promising label-free three-dimensional (3D) imaging method for transparent samples due to its low phototoxicity. However, it usually requires coherent illuminations and massive measurements, which will, respectively, introduce speckle noises and time-consuming acquisitions, and thus, limit its applications in multicellular dynamic organisms. To address these problems, here we propose a partially coherent and snapshot diffraction tomography method based on light-field microscopy. By incorporating the illumination optical transfer function into the volumetric differential phase contrast model, we obtain a 3D phase stack from the snapshot four-dimensional phase-space measurements. Then a 3D phase-point-spread function is used for 3D deconvolution to achieve computational optical sectioning and enhance the resolution, and finally, we extract 3D refractive-index information from the 3D phase stack. Experiments on freely moving Caenorhabditis elegans are shown accordingly, demonstrating the great potential of the proposed method for label-free 3D imaging of multicellular organisms in vivo at high speed up to the camera frame rate.

中文翻译：

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快照部分相干衍射层析成像

衍射层析成像由于其低的光毒性而成为一种有希望的用于透明样品的无标记三维（3D）成像方法。然而，它通常需要相干的照明和大量的测量，这将分别引入斑点噪声和费时的获取，因此限制了其在多细胞动态生物中的应用。为了解决这些问题，在此我们提出一种基于光场显微镜的部分相干和快照衍射层析成像方法。通过将照明光学传递函数合并到体积微分相衬模型中，我们可以从快照的四维相空间测量中获得3D相堆栈。然后将3D相点扩展函数用于3D反卷积，以实现计算光学切片并提高分辨率，最后，我们从3D相堆栈中提取3D折射率信息。自由移动的实验相应地显示了秀丽隐杆线虫，证明了所提出的方法在体内以相机帧速率高速对多细胞生物进行无标签3D成像的巨大潜力。