Context

Literature on the ecological impacts of landscape change (LC) has increased dramatically over the last few decades. However, there has not been systematic evidence from a landscape ecology perspective about the evolution of research in this field as well as the main gaps in knowledge.

Objectives

Our objective was to track the advancement of research on ecological impacts of LC by identifying the main topics, as well as emerging trends, primary findings and main impacts of LC in a Chilean biodiversity hotspot.

Methods

We used CiteSpace to conduct a bibliometric analysis to represent the knowledge domain and to identify scientific literature related to the impacts of LC in a Chilean biodiversity hotspot between 1990 and 2019.

Results

We found that articles most frequently focused on compositional attributes of biodiversity (41%) and on analyzing impacts at the community (43%) and population level (34%). In particular, changes in community structure and composition and biologic interactions were the most frequently studied. Research on quantifying forest loss and fragmentation using spatially explicit modeling techniques over a long temporal scale were a turning point in LC impact research. We found several gaps in LC research, including lack of studies that simultaneously address multiple levels of the ecological hierarchy and that address linkages between ecological processes and the provisioning ecosystem services.

Conclusions

Studies that address the impacts of LC at multiple levels of ecological hierarchies and on ecosystem processes and services are needed. Furthermore, our findings highlight the importance of place-based research syntheses to identify research gaps and meet sustainability goals.

中文翻译：

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景观变化对生态的影响的演变和新兴研究趋势：来自智利生物多样性热点的观点

语境

在过去的几十年中，有关景观变化（LC）的生态影响的文献急剧增加。但是，从景观生态学的角度来看，尚无系统的证据表明该领域的研究进展以及知识的主要差距。

目标

我们的目标是通过确定智利生物多样性热点地区的主要话题以及LC的新兴趋势，主要发现和主要影响，来跟踪LC的生态影响研究的进展。

方法

我们使用CiteSpace进行了文献计量分析，以代表知识领域并确定与1990年至2019年之间智利LC的影响有关的科学文献。

结果

我们发现，文章最常关注的是生物多样性的组成属性（41％）和分析对社区的影响（43％）和人口水平（34％）。特别是，社区结构和组成的变化以及生物学相互作用的研究最为频繁。在较长的时间范围内使用空间显式建模技术量化森林损失和破碎化的研究是LC影响研究的转折点。我们在LC研究中发现了一些空白，包括缺乏同时解决生态层次的多个层次以及解决生态过程与生态系统服务之间的联系的研究。

结论

需要开展研究以解决LC在生态等级的多个层面以及对生态系统过程和服务的影响。此外，我们的研究结果突出了基于场所的研究综合对于确定研究差距和实现可持续性目标的重要性。