ABSTRACT

The current study assessed the efficacy of entomopathogenic fungal (EPF) biopesticides against adult and larval stages of houseflies, Musca domestica L. under laboratory conditions. Six commercial EPF biopesticides were selected for virulence tests; three strains of Beauveria bassiana (HF23 in the product balEnce™, GHA in the product Botanigard ES and ATCC 74040 in the product Naturalis-L), one strain of Metarhizium brunneum (F52 in the product Met52®), one strain of Lecanicillium muscarium (KV01 in the product Mycotal®), and one strain of Isaria fumosorosea (Apopka 97, in the product Preferal WG). Adult and larval stages of houseflies were sprayed with 2 ml of a conidial concentration (10⁸ conidia ml⁻¹) of each EPF biopesticide individually using a Potter tower. The results showed that balEnce™ and Botanigard ES were significantly the highest efficacy against adults and larvae of M. domestica, compared to other EPF biopesticides. The mean conidial concentration (LC₅₀) for adults and larvae of M. domestica exposed to balEnce™ was 4.7 × 10⁵ conidia ml⁻¹ and 4.8 × 10⁵ conidia ml⁻¹ respectively, which was not significantly different from LC₅₀ value of Botanigard ES (6.0 × 10⁵ and 4.6 × 10⁵ conidia ml⁻¹). The mean lethal time (LT₅₀) values of balEnce™ and Botanigard ES were significantly shorter at 10⁹ and 10⁸ than other conidial concentrations. balEnce™ or Botanigard ES caused 44–94% reduction in daily fecundity of the adult females from day 3 to day 10 post-treatment. Results demonstrated that EPF biopesticides balEnce™ and Botanigard ES have potential as biocontrol agents of M. domestica but further research under operational conditions is required.

摘要

目前的研究评估了昆虫病原真菌 (EPF) 生物农药在实验室条件下对家蝇（家蝇）成虫和幼虫阶段的功效。选择了六种商业EPF生物农药进行毒力测试；三种菌株的球孢白僵菌（在产品balEnce HF23™，GHA在产品Botanigard ES和ATCC 74040在产品青黛-L）的一个菌株绿僵brunneum（F52在产品Met52®）的一个菌株蝇蚧霉（产品 Mycotal® 中的 KV01)，以及一株烟叶鸢尾(Apopka 97，产品 Preferal WG)。在家蝇的成虫和幼虫阶段喷洒 2 ml 的分生孢子浓度 (10 ⁸分生孢子 ml ^-1 ) 的每个 EPF 生物农药单独使用波特塔。结果表明，balEnce™和Botanigard ES是显著对成人和M的幼虫最高功效家蝇，相比其他EPF生物农药。平均浓度分生孢子（LC ₅₀）为成人和M的幼虫家蝇暴露于balEnce™为4.7×10 ⁵分生孢子毫升^-1和4.8×10 ⁵个分生孢子毫升^-1分别，这是不从LC显著不同₅₀的值Botanigard ES（6.0 × 10 ⁵和 4.6 × 10 ⁵分生孢子 ml ^-1）。balEnce™ 和 Botanigard ES的平均致死时间 (LT ₅₀ ) 值在 10 ⁹和 10 ^{8 时}明显短于其他分生孢子浓度。从治疗后第 3 天到第 10 天，balEnce™ 或 Botanigard ES 导致成年雌性的每日繁殖力降低 44-94%。结果表明，潜在作为M的生物防治剂EPF生物杀虫剂balEnce™和Botanigard ES有家蝇，但操作条件下需要进一步研究。