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Environmental characterization and yield gap analysis to tackle genotype-by-environment-by-management interactions and map region-specific agronomic and breeding targets in groundnut
Field Crops Research ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108160
Amir Hajjarpoor , Jana Kholová , Janila Pasupuleti , Afshin Soltani , James Burridge , Subhash Babu Degala , S. Gattu , T.V. Murali , Vincent Garin , Thankappan Radhakrishnan , Vincent Vadez

The high degree of Genotype by Environment by Management (GxExM) interactions is a serious challenge for production and crop improvement efforts. This challenge is especially true for a crop like groundnut that is often grown as a rainfed crop in diverse environments and management, leading to considerable production fluctuations among regions and seasons. Developing a means to characterize the drivers of variable yield and to identify region specific breeding objectives were the main motivations for this research, using groundnut production in India, as a case study for rainfed crops. Historically, five groundnut production areas have been considered by Indian crop improvement programs. Our objectives were to assess the relevance of this zonation system and possibly to re-define production areas with a higher degree of similarities into homogeneous production units (HPUs). Towards this, we used yield gap analysis and the geo-biophysical characters of the production region to understand and deal with GxExM interactions. Weather and soil data, crop parameters, and management information data were collected and groundnut production was simulated at the district scale over 30 consecutive years. Consequently, the geographic distribution of the potential yields and the yield gaps were first estimated to understand the main production limitations in a given region. Large and variable yield gaps (with a mean of ∼70 %) were observed and results revealed a readily exploitable production gap (∼ 8 M tons), which might be bridged by following recommended agronomic practices. Water deficit limited the yield potential by an average of 40 %, although with large variability among districts. However, large and variable yield gaps remained. To resolve the unexplained variation, principal component and cluster analysis of agronomic model output together with geo-biophysical indicators for each district were carried out. This resulted in seven HPUs, having well-defined production-limiting constraints. Grouping by HPU greatly reduced variance in actual and simulated yields, as compared to grouping across all groundnut production zones in India. The HPU based approach delimited precise geographic regions within which HPU-specific GxM products could be designed by crop improvement programs to boost productivity.



中文翻译:

环境特征分析和产量差距分析,以解决基因型-环境-管理之间的相互作用,并绘制花生特定地区的农艺和育种目标的图谱

高水平的基因型环境管理(GxExM)交互作用对生产和作物改良工作是一个严峻的挑战。对于像花生这样的农作物而言,尤其是这种挑战尤其如此,该农作物通常在不同的环境和管理下以雨养作物的形式生长,从而导致地区和季节之间的产量大幅波动。利用印度的花生生产作为雨育作物的案例研究,开发一种表征可变产量驱动因素并确定特定地区育种目标的方法是这项研究的主要动机。从历史上看,印度的作物改良计划曾考虑过五个花生生产区。我们的目标是评估该分区系统的相关性,并可能将具有较高相似度的生产区域重新定义为同质生产单元(HPU)。为此,我们使用产量差距分析和生产区域的地球生物物理特征来理解和处理GxExM相互作用。连续30年收集了天气和土壤数据,作物参数和管理信息数据,并在地区范围内模拟了花生产量。因此,首先估算潜在产量的地理分布和产量差距,以了解给定地区的主要生产限制。观察到较大且可变的产量缺口(平均约70%),结果表明易于利用的产量缺口(约800万吨),可以通过遵循推荐的农艺方法来弥补。缺水使单产潜力平均降低了40%,尽管各地区之间差异很大。但是,仍然存在较大且可变的收益缺口。为了解决无法解释的变化,对每个地区进行了农学模型输出的主成分和聚类分析以及地球生物物理指标。这导致了七个具有明确定义的生产限制约束的HPU。与印度所有花生生产区的分组相比,按HPU分组可以大大减少实际产量和模拟产量的差异。基于HPU的方法界定了精确的地理区域,可以通过作物改良计划在特定地理区域内设计特定于HPU的GxM产品,以提高生产力。缺水使单产潜力平均降低了40%,尽管各地区之间差异很大。但是,仍然存在较大且可变的收益缺口。为了解决无法解释的变化,对每个地区进行了农学模型输出的主成分和聚类分析以及地球生物物理指标。这导致了七个具有明确定义的生产限制约束的HPU。与印度所有花生生产区的分组相比,按HPU分组可以大大减少实际产量和模拟产量的差异。基于HPU的方法界定了精确的地理区域,可以通过作物改良计划在特定地理区域内设计特定于HPU的GxM产品,以提高生产力。缺水使单产潜力平均降低了40%,尽管各地区之间差异很大。但是,仍然存在较大且可变的收益缺口。为了解决无法解释的变化,对每个地区进行了农学模型输出的主成分和聚类分析以及地球生物物理指标。这导致了七个具有明确定义的生产限制约束的HPU。与印度所有花生生产区的分组相比,按HPU分组可以大大减少实际产量和模拟产量的差异。基于HPU的方法界定了精确的地理区域,可以通过作物改良计划在特定地理区域内设计特定于HPU的GxM产品,以提高生产力。仍然存在较大且可变的收益缺口。为了解决无法解释的变化,对每个地区进行了农学模型输出的主成分和聚类分析以及地球生物物理指标。这导致了七个具有明确定义的生产限制约束的HPU。与印度所有花生生产区的分组相比,按HPU分组可以大大减少实际产量和模拟产量的差异。基于HPU的方法界定了精确的地理区域,可以通过作物改良计划在特定地理区域内设计特定于HPU的GxM产品,以提高生产力。仍然存在较大且可变的收益缺口。为了解决无法解释的变化,对每个地区进行了农学模型输出的主成分和聚类分析以及地球生物物理指标。这导致了七个具有明确定义的生产限制约束的HPU。与印度所有花生生产区的分组相比,按HPU分组可以大大减少实际产量和模拟产量的差异。基于HPU的方法界定了精确的地理区域,可以通过作物改良计划在特定地理区域内设计特定于HPU的GxM产品,以提高生产力。具有明确的生产限制约束。与印度所有花生生产区的分组相比,按HPU分组可以大大减少实际产量和模拟产量的差异。基于HPU的方法界定了精确的地理区域,可以通过作物改良计划在特定地理区域内设计特定于HPU的GxM产品,以提高生产力。具有明确的生产限制约束。与印度所有花生生产区的分组相比,按HPU分组可以大大减少实际产量和模拟产量的差异。基于HPU的方法界定了精确的地理区域,可以通过作物改良计划在特定地理区域内设计特定于HPU的GxM产品,以提高生产力。

更新日期:2021-04-29
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