We consider the problem of synchronizing two electric power generators, one of which (the leader) is serving a time-varying electrical load, so that they can ultimately be connected to form a single power system. Each generator is described by a second-order reduced state–space model. We assume that the generator not serving an external load initially (the follower) has access to measurements of the leader’s phase angle, corrupted by some additive disturbances. By using these measurements, and leveraging results on reduced-order observers with ISS-type robustness, we propose a procedure that drives (i) the angular velocity of the follower close enough to that of the leader, and (ii) the phase angle of the follower close enough to that of the point at which both systems will be electrically connected. An explicit bound on the synchronization error in terms of the measurement disturbance and the variations in the electrical load served by the leader is computed. We illustrate the procedure via numerical simulations.

我们考虑使两个发电机同步的问题，其中一个发电机（主机）正在为时变的电力负载供电，以便最终可以将它们连接起来以形成一个单一的电力系统。每个生成器都由二阶简化状态空间模型描述。我们假设发电机最初不为外部负载服务（跟随器）可以访问引导者的相角，但会受到一些附加干扰的破坏。通过使用这些测量结果，并利用具有ISS型鲁棒性的降阶观测器的结果，我们提出了一种程序，该程序可驱动（i）随动件的角速度足够接近引导者的角速度，以及（ii）随动件的相角跟随器足够靠近两个系统将被电连接的点。根据测量干扰和引导者服务的电气负载的变化，计算出同步误差的明确界限。我们通过数值模拟说明了该过程。