For railway locomotive, its motor bearing is one of the key components, which is likely to be damaged due to the intensified vibration conditions caused by the wheel-rail interaction and gear mesh. In this paper, a locomotive-track spatially coupled dynamics model considering the dynamic effect of the traction power transmission is established to investigate the dynamic responses of traction motor bearings. The detailed structure of the traction motor, complex internal interactions of the rolling bearing itself, time-varying gear mesh stiffness, and wheel-rail interaction are considered. The simulated results indicate that the gear mesh excitation and internal interactions of the motor bearings significantly affect the dynamic characteristics of the rotor. The motor bearing at the driving end surfers more dynamic loads, and the internal interactions between the components are more intensified than that of the bearing at the non-driving end. Moreover, the skidding phenomenon of the motor bearing at the driving end is alleviated by the greater radial load. Additionally, the wheel-rail interaction with track random irregularity will deteriorate the working conditions of the motor bearings. The modelling method and results can provide helpful theoretical guidance for the motor bearing design and structure optimization of the locomotive traction motor.

对于铁路机车来说，其电机轴承是关键部件之一，由于轮轨相互作用和齿轮啮合引起的振动加剧，电机轴承很容易损坏。本文建立了考虑牵引动力传动动态效应的机车-轨道空间耦合动力学模型，研究牵引电机轴承的动态响应。考虑了牵引电机的详细结构、滚动轴承本身的复杂内部相互作用、时变齿轮啮合刚度以及轮轨相互作用。模拟结果表明，电机轴承的齿轮啮合激励和内部相互作用显着影响转子的动态特性。驱动端的电机轴承承受更多的动载荷，并且部件之间的内部相互作用比非驱动端的轴承更强烈。此外，更大的径向载荷也减轻了驱动端电机轴承的打滑现象。此外，轨道随机不规则性的轮轨相互作用会恶化电机轴承的工作条件。建模方法和结果可为机车牵引电机的电机轴承设计和结构优化提供有益的理论指导。轮轨相互作用与轨道随机不规则性会恶化电机轴承的工作条件。建模方法和结果可为机车牵引电机的电机轴承设计和结构优化提供有益的理论指导。轮轨相互作用与轨道随机不规则性会恶化电机轴承的工作条件。建模方法和结果可为机车牵引电机的电机轴承设计和结构优化提供有益的理论指导。