The thermal shock resistance of alumina ceramics with a fine-crystalline structure (crystal size 5 – 40 μm) and with a layered-granular structure, as well as t-ZrO₂–Cr_{(40 vol. %)} cermet, was studied. Layered-granular ceramics consisted of randomly oriented layered granules, including alternating dense fine-crystalline layers and porous layers made of corundum microballoons. The cermet structure is represented by two interpenetrating continuous skeletons formed from chromium grains and t-ZrO₂ grains. To assess the thermal shock resistance, in addition to the known criteria R₀, R₁ it is proposed to use new criteria R₀^*, R₁^* and the kinetic characteristic of fracture γ_F/γ_I. These criteria were compared with the thermal shock resistance determined by the number of thermal cycles to failure N of samples and by the method of local thermal shock, which determines the relative loss of crack resistance of the sample after a single thermal cycle R_T. Layered-granular Al₂O₃-ceramics exhibit the best thermal shock resistance due to the discrete and high-energy destruction mechanism. The use of chromium in the composition of cermet made it possible to significantly increase its thermal shock resistance in comparison with the thermal shock resistance of the ceramic component due to the presence of a heat-conducting metal component. It is shown that the application of the new criteria R₀^* and R₁^* makes it possible to reliably predict the thermal shock resistance of the studied materials from the indicators N and R_T.

研究了具有微晶结构（晶体尺寸5 – 40μm）和层状颗粒结构的氧化铝陶瓷以及t -ZrO ₂ -Cr _{（40 vol。％）}金属陶瓷的耐热冲击性。层状颗粒陶瓷由随机取向的层状颗粒组成，包括交替的致密细晶层和由刚玉微球制成的多孔层。金属陶瓷的结构是由铬晶粒和t -ZrO ₂晶粒形成的两个相互贯穿的连续骨架代表的。为了评估抗热冲击性，除了已知的标准R ₀，R _1之外，还建议使用新的标准R₀ ^*，- [R ₁ ^*和断裂γ动力学特性_˚F /γ_予。将这些标准与通过对样品破坏的热循环次数N和通过局部热冲击法确定的抗热震性进行比较，该方法确定了单个热循环R _T后样品的抗裂性的相对损失。层状颗粒Al ₂ O ₃-陶瓷由于具有离散和高能破坏机理，因此具有最佳的抗热震性。与金属陶瓷成分的抗热震性相比，在金属陶瓷组合物中使用铬使其有可能显着提高其抗热震性，这是由于存在导热金属成分。结果表明，采用新的标准R ₀ ^*和R ₁ ^*可以从指标N和R _T可靠地预测所研究材料的耐热冲击性。