In the U.S. Upper Midwest where growing seasons are short, establishing winter annual cover crops following corn (Zea mays L.) is challenging. Winter camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] shows promise as a winter annual cover crop that can be dual cropped with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] to help diversify the corn–soybean rotation. This 2-yr field study in southern and western Minnesota evaluated desiccating corn with a preharvest aid to hasten its dry-down and hence harvest so that camelina could be no-till drilled in a timely manner. We hypothesized that direct drilling camelina following corn harvest would improve establishment and yields. Sodium chlorate was applied as a desiccant to corn at early (D1) and mid-R5 (D2) and physiological maturity (D3) stages of development, including an untreated check. The D1 and D2 treatments hastened corn harvest by 1 to 3 wk compared with the check. Corn grain yields were unaffected by the D2 and D3 treatments, but significantly declined by 16% in D1. Camelina seed yield did not differ among desiccation treatments and averaged 815 kg ha⁻¹ across both locations with an average oil content of 385 g ka⁻¹. Desiccating corn hastened its harvest allowing more time to drill-seed camelina, thus improving establishment. However, more work is needed to improve management and genetics of winter camelina for use as a cash cover crop in corn systems.

中文翻译：

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玉米的干燥允许在北部玉米带早期直接播种冬茶

在生长季节较短的美国中西部北部，在玉米 ( Zea mays L.)之后种植冬季一年生覆盖作物具有挑战性。冬季亚麻荠[ Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] 作为冬季一年生覆盖作物显示出前景，可以与大豆 [ Glycine max(L.) Merr.] 以帮助使玉米-大豆轮作多样化。这项在明尼苏达州南部和西部进行的为期 2 年的田间研究评估了用收获前辅助剂干燥玉米以加速其干燥和收获，以便及时对茶进行免耕钻孔。我们假设在玉米收获后直接钻孔骆驼会提高建立和产量。在早期 (D1) 和中期 R5 (D2) 以及生理成熟 (D3) 发育阶段，包括未经处理的检查，将氯酸钠作为干燥剂应用于玉米。与对照相比，D1 和 D2 处理使玉米收获加快了 1 至 3 周。玉米籽粒产量不受 D2 和 D3 处理的影响，但在 D1 中显着下降了 16%。亚麻籽产量在干燥处理之间没有差异，平均为 815 kg ha ^-1两个地点的平均含油量为 385 g ka ^-1。干燥玉米加快了收割速度，让更多的时间来播种亚麻荠，从而改善建立。然而，还需要做更多的工作来改进冬亚麻荠作为玉米系统经济覆盖作物的管理和遗传学。