Sicily hosts many natural manifestations that include thermal waters, gas discharges and mud volcanoes. Due to the significant geodynamic and geological differences, the fluid discharges along a NE-WS–oriented transect that run from the Peloritani Mts. to the Sciacca Plain shows a large variability in water and gas chemical and isotopic compositions. The studied waters are characterized by Ca-HCO₃, Ca(Mg)-SO₄, Ca-Cl and Na-Cl compositions produced by distinct geochemical processes such as water-rock-gas interactions, mixing between deep and shallow aquifers and seawater and direct and reverse ion exchanges. The gas chemistry is dominated by CO₂ to the east and CO₂-N₂ to the west of the study area, whereas the central part shows mud volcanoes discharging CH₄-rich gases. Water isotopes suggest that the thermal waters are fed by a meteoric recharge, although isotopic exchange processes between thermal fluids and host rocks at temperature >150°C are recognized. Accordingly, liquid geothermometry suggests equilibrium temperatures up to 220°C. The carbon in CO₂ and helium isotopes of the emissions from the westernmost sector of Sicily indicate that these two gases consists of up to 40 % of a mantle component, the latter decreasing to the east down to 10% where CO₂ of thermometamorphic origin dominates. Accordingly, conceptual models of the fluid circulation for the western, central and eastern sectors are proposed. The regional geothermal reservoir, hosted in carbonates in the western sector and locally outcropping, is of low to medium temperature. Higher temperature conditions (up to 200-220°C) are suggested by geothermometry and probably related to deeper levels of the system. Sicily can be regarded as a potentially suitable area for future investigations to evaluate specific activities aimed at exploiting the geothermal resource.

西西里拥有许多自然表现，包括热水，气体排放和泥火山。由于显着的地球动力学和地质差异，流体沿着从Peloritani山出发的NE-WS导向断面排放。夏卡平原的水汽显示出水和气化学和同位素组成的巨大差异。所研究的水的特征在于，Ca-HCO ₃，Ca（Mg）-SO ₄，Ca-Cl和Na-Cl组成是通过不同的地球化学过程产生的，例如水-岩-气相互作用，深水层和浅水层与海水的混合以及直接和反向离子交换。该气体化学物质是由CO为主₂到东部和CO ₂ -N ₂在研究区域的西部，而中部则是排泄富含CH ₄气体的泥火山。尽管已经认识到温度> 150°C时热流体与主体岩石之间的同位素交换过程，但是水同位素表明，热水是通过平流补给的。因此，液体地热法建议达到220°C的平衡温度。西西里岛最西端排放物中的CO ₂和氦同位素中的碳表明，这两种气体最多占地幔成分的40％，向东减少至地幔成分的10％，其中CO ₂热变质起源占主导地位。因此，提出了西部，中部和东部地区流体循环的概念模型。区域性地热储层处于西部地区的碳酸盐岩中，局部露头，温度低至中度。地热法建议使用更高的温度条件（最高200-220°C），并且可能与系统的更深层次有关。西西里岛可被视为未来进行调查以评估旨在开发地热资源的特定活动的潜在合适领域。