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Sugarcane bagasse biochar modulates metal and salinity stresses on microbial functions and enzyme activities in saline co-contaminated soils
Applied Soil Ecology ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-27 , DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.104043
Nahid Azadi , Fayez Raiesi

Biochar can reduce salinity stress and metal toxicity to soil microbial community and enzymatic activity, hence would improve soil biological fertility and quality. However, the effects of sugarcane bagasse biochar (SCB) on microbial and biochemical responses to salinity stress in metal co-contaminated soils still remain unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of SCB application on microbial activity, biomass and enzymatic activities in a soil co-contaminated with cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) when simultaneously exposed to NaCl salinity stress during an incubation experiment. Soil samples were initially co-contaminated with cadmium (10 mg Cd kg−1) and lead (150 mg Pb kg−1) solutions, then pre-incubated for 30 days and finally salinized with three levels of NaCl solution (0, 20 and 40 mM NaCl). Two slow pyrolysis SCBs prepared at 400 and 600 °C were applied to the saline polluted soils at 1% (w/w) and the mixtures were incubated for 120 days under laboratory conditions. Soils amended with raw bagasse and without amendment were also used in the experiment. Results showed that soil amendment with SCBs decreased the availability of Cd by 17–19% and Pb by 11–18%, and increased the content of soil organic carbon (SOC) by 96–104% and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by 14–164% under saline conditions. High-temperature SCB decreased metal availability and enhanced SOM content in the soil more than low-temperature SCB. Application of SCBs increased soil microbial and biochemical properties from 27 to 180%, depending on the pyrolysis temperature, salinity level and the assay itself. Biochar reduced the adverse influences of metal toxicity and salinity stresses on soil microbial and biochemical functions, most largely through immobilizing metals and improving SOC and DOC. Low-temperature SCB promoted soil microbial quality more than high-temperature SCB. This study indicated that low-temperature SCB could be used as an amendment in metal co-contaminated soils to alleviate the potential risks associated with the combined effects of metal pollution and salinity stresses on microbial and biochemical indicators of soil quality/health under arid and semi-arid conditions. The findings would have some useful implications for the soils co-contaminated with toxic metals under the stress of salinity and for rehabilitation of salt-affected soils using SCB as a cost-effective source of organic matter.



中文翻译:

甘蔗渣生物炭调节盐分共同污染土壤中微生物功能和酶活性的金属和盐分胁迫

生物炭可以减少盐分胁迫和金属对土壤微生物群落和酶活性的毒性,因此可以提高土壤生物肥力和品质。然而,甘蔗渣生物炭(SCB)对微生物和生化反应对金属共污染土壤中盐分胁迫的影响仍然未知。这项研究的目的是评估在温育实验中,同时暴露于NaCl盐度胁迫下,镉和镉和铅(Pb)共同污染的土壤中SCB施用对微生物活性,生物量和酶活性的影响。土壤样品最初被镉(10 mg Cd kg -1)和铅(150 mg Pb kg -1)共同污染。溶液,然后预孵育30天,最后用三水平的NaCl溶液(0、20和40 mM NaCl)进行盐化。将两种在400和600°C下制备的慢速热解SCB以1%(w / w)的浓度应用于盐渍土壤,并将混合物在实验室条件下孵育120天。在实验中还使用了用生蔗渣修整而未进行修整的土壤。结果表明,用SCB改良土壤可使Cd的有效利用率降低17-19%,Pb的降低11-18%,土壤有机碳(SOC)的含量提高96-104%,溶解有机碳(DOC)的提高14在盐水条件下为–164%。与低温SCB相比,高温SCB降低了土壤中的金属利用率,并增加了土壤中的SOM含量。SCB的使用将土壤微生物和生化特性从27%提高到180%,取决于热解温度,盐度水平和化验本身。生物炭减少了金属毒性和盐分胁迫对土壤微生物和生化功能的不利影响,主要是通过固定金属并改善SOC和DOC来实现的。低温SCB比高温SCB对土壤微生物质量的促进作用更大。这项研究表明,低温SCB可以作为金属共污染土壤的改良剂,以减轻与金属污染和盐分胁迫对干旱和半干旱条件下土壤质量/健康的微生物和生化指标的综合影响相关的潜在风险。 -干旱条件。

更新日期:2021-04-28
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