We developed and deployed two inertial measurement units on mobile pack ice during a U.S. Navy drifting ice campaign in the Beaufort Sea. The ice camp was more than 1000 km from the nearest open water. The sensors were stationed on thick (>1 m) first- and multi–year ice to record 3-D accelerations at 10 Hz for one week during March 2020. During this time, gale-force winds exceeded 21 m per second for several hours during two separate wind events and reached a maximum of 25 m per second. Our observations show similar sets of wave bands were excited during both wind events. One band was centered on a period of ~14 s. Another band arrived several hours later and was centered on ~3.5-s. We find that the observed wave bands match a model dispersion curve for flexural gravity waves in ~1.2-m ice with a Young’s modulus of 3.5 GPa under compressive stresses of ~0.3 MPa. We further evaluate the bending stress and load cycles of the individual wave bands and their potential role in break-up of sea ice. This work demonstrates how observations of waves in sea ice using these and similar sensors can potentially be a valuable field-based tool for evaluating ice mechanics. In particular, this approach can be used to observe and describe the combined mechanical behavior of consolidated floes relevant for understanding sea ice mechanical processes and model development.

中文翻译：

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观察波弗特海风强迫弯曲重力波及其与海冰力学的关系

在波弗特海的美国海军流冰运动中，我们在流动冰块上开发并部署了两个惯性测量单元。冰场距离最近的开放水域1000多公里。传感器被放置在第一年和多年厚冰（> 1 m）上，以记录2020年3月在一周内以10 Hz的3-D加速度。在此期间，烈风每秒超过21 m，持续了几个小时在两次单独的风力事件中最大达到每秒25 m。我们的观察结果表明，在两个风事件中都激发了相似的波段。一个波段集中在约14 s的时间段内。几个小时后到达另一个频段，并以〜3.5-s为中心。我们发现，观察到的波段与杨氏模量为3的约1.2米冰中的弯曲重力波的模型色散曲线相匹配。在约0.3 MPa的压缩应力下为5 GPa。我们进一步评估了各个波段的弯曲应力和载荷循环，以及它们在海冰破裂中的潜在作用。这项工作证明了使用这些传感器和类似传感器观测海冰中的波浪如何潜在地成为评估冰力学的有价值的基于现场的工具。特别是，该方法可用于观察和描述固结絮凝物的组合力学行为，这与理解海冰的机械过程和模型开发有关。这项工作证明了使用这些传感器和类似传感器观测海冰中的波浪如何潜在地成为评估冰力学的有价值的基于现场的工具。特别是，该方法可用于观察和描述固结絮凝物的组合力学行为，这与理解海冰的机械过程和模型开发有关。这项工作证明了使用这些传感器和类似传感器观测海冰中的波浪如何潜在地成为评估冰力学的有价值的基于现场的工具。特别是，该方法可用于观察和描述固结絮凝物的组合力学行为，这与理解海冰的机械过程和模型开发有关。