Research suggests that psychological stress is associated with insomnia, but there is limited research on vulnerabilities that might amplify this association, particularly in college students. Based on a sample of 507 undergraduates, the current study demonstrates that the observed positive correlation between self-perceived stress and insomnia severity is moderated by the tendency to engage in repetitive negative thinking (RNT) at bedtime. Additionally, separate analyses of those who scored below/above the threshold for insomnia (non-insomniacs vs. insomniacs) revealed that the interaction between stress and these negative bedtime cognitions differed qualitatively between the two groups. In insomniacs, the stress-insomnia relationship was dampened for those with lower levels of bedtime RNT, but amplified for those with higher levels. For non-insomniacs, the stress-insomnia relationship was stronger for those with minimal bedtime RNT, while higher levels of bedtime RNT appeared to overshadow this association. To develop a better understanding of the contribution of stress and RNT to clinically relevant levels of insomnia, future studies should take into account the dissimilar patterns of moderation seen in non-insomniacs and insomniacs, either through prospective screening or separate analyses. Findings from the current study suggest that insomnia treatments that can simultaneously reduce stress and address bedtime RNT may be optimal.

中文翻译：

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睡前重复消极思维调节心理压力与失眠的关系

研究表明，心理压力与失眠有关，但对可能放大这种关联的脆弱性的研究有限，尤其是在大学生中。基于 507 名本科生的样本，目前的研究表明，观察到的自我感知压力与失眠严重程度之间的正相关受到睡前重复性消极思维 (RNT) 的影响。此外，对得分低于/高于失眠阈值的人（非失眠者与失眠者）的单独分析显示，压力与这些负面睡前认知之间的相互作用在两组之间存在质的差异。在失眠症患者中，睡眠时间 RNT 水平较低的人的压力-失眠关系受到抑制，但对那些水平较高的人放大。对于非失眠症患者，睡前 RNT 水平最低的人的压力-失眠关系更强，而睡前 RNT 水平较高的人似乎掩盖了这种关联。为了更好地了解压力和 RNT 对临床相关失眠水平的贡献，未来的研究应通过前瞻性筛查或单独分析，考虑在非失眠者和失眠者中看到的不同的调节模式。当前研究的结果表明，可以同时减轻压力和解决睡前 RNT 的失眠治疗可能是最佳的。