Annual Review of Immunology ( IF 29.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-26 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-093019-125918 Elizabeth A Jacobsen 1 , David J Jackson 2, 3 , Enrico Heffler 4, 5 , Sameer K Mathur 6 , Albert J Bredenoord 7 , Ian D Pavord 8 , Praveen Akuthota 9 , Florence Roufosse 10 , Marc E Rothenberg 11
The enigmatic eosinophil has emerged as an exciting component of the immune system, involved in a plethora of homeostatic and inflammatory responses. Substantial progress has been achieved through experimental systems manipulating eosinophils in vivo, initially in mice and more recently in humans. Researchers using eosinophil knockout mice have identified a contributory role for eosinophils in basal and inflammatory processes and protective immunity. Primarily fueled by the purported proinflammatory role of eosinophils in eosinophil-associated diseases, a series of anti-eosinophil therapeutics have emerged as a new class of drugs. These agents, which dramatically deplete eosinophils, provide a valuable opportunity to characterize the consequences of eosinophil knockout humans. Herein, we comparatively describe mouse and human eosinophil knockouts. We put forth the view that human eosinophils negatively contribute to a variety of diseases and, unlike mouse eosinophils, do not yet have an identified role in physiological health; thus, clarifying all roles of eosinophils remains an ongoing pursuit.
中文翻译:
嗜酸性粒细胞敲除人类:通过嗜酸性粒细胞定向生物疗法揭示嗜酸性粒细胞的作用
神秘的嗜酸性粒细胞已成为免疫系统中令人兴奋的组成部分,参与过多的体内平衡和炎症反应。通过在体内操纵嗜酸性粒细胞的实验系统已经取得了实质性进展,最初是在小鼠中,最近是在人类中。使用嗜酸性粒细胞敲除小鼠的研究人员已经确定了嗜酸性粒细胞在基础和炎症过程以及保护性免疫中的贡献作用。主要受嗜酸性粒细胞在嗜酸性粒细胞相关疾病中据称的促炎作用的推动,一系列抗嗜酸性粒细胞疗法已作为一类新药物出现。这些试剂可显着耗尽嗜酸性粒细胞,为表征嗜酸性粒细胞敲除人类的后果提供了宝贵的机会。在此,我们比较描述小鼠和人类嗜酸性粒细胞敲除。我们提出的观点是,人类嗜酸性粒细胞会对多种疾病产生负面影响,而且与小鼠嗜酸性粒细胞不同,人类嗜酸性粒细胞在生理健康方面的作用尚未确定;因此,澄清嗜酸性粒细胞的所有作用仍然是一个持续的追求。