Leaf pubescence is widespread among higher plants. In bread wheat, a relationship was found between this trait and the efficiency of photosynthetic processes and productivity. In this work, we established the chromosomal localization of the gene for leaf pubescence introgressed from Triticum timopheevii into a bread wheat line 821 and studied its expression in the genetic background of two wheat cultivars differing in genetic control and phenotypic expression of pubescence. To obtain quantitative characteristics of pubescence in cultivars and hybrid populations, the LHDetect2 program was used, which makes it possible to estimate the length and number of trichomes on a leaf fold. A genetic analysis showed the dominant inheritance of the gene. Monosomic analysis F2 was used to establish chromosome localization and investigate the expression of the gene in cultivars Saratovskaya S29 (S29) and Diamant 2 (Dm2). As a result, the gene Hltt, introgressed from T. timopheevii, was identified and localized in the distal region of the long arm of 5A chromosome for the first time. In both F2 populations, the gene reduced the density of trichomes and formed long trichomes, uncharacteristic for the two recipient cultivars S29 and Dm2. A larger number of long trichomes was formed in the genetic background of S29, which carry the bread wheat gene Hl1 and Hl3 for leaf pubescence, than in Dm2. Development of substitution and isogenic lines with the fragment of introgression carrying the gene Hltt will allow determining function and assessing the adaptive significance of the gene more precisely.

中文翻译：

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从 Triticum timopheevii Zhuk 中渗入面包小麦的叶片短柔毛新基因的鉴定。及其在不同基因型背景下的表现

叶短柔毛广泛存在于高等植物中。在面包小麦中，发现这种性状与光合过程的效率和生产力之间存在关系。在这项工作中，我们建立了叶短毛基因渗入的染色体定位。大麦进入面包小麦品系 821 并研究其在遗传控制和短毛表型表达不同的两个小麦品种的遗传背景中的表达。为了获得栽培品种和杂交种群中短柔毛的数量特征，使用了 LHDetect2 程序，这使得估计叶片褶皱上毛状体的长度和数量成为可能。遗传分析显示该基因具有显性遗传。单体分析 F2用于建立染色体定位并研究该基因在品种Saratovskaya S29（S29）和Diamant 2（Dm2）中的表达。结果，基因高tt, 渗入自T. timopheevii, 首次在 5A 染色体长臂远端区域被识别和定位。在这两个 F2种群中，该基因降低了毛状体的密度并形成了长毛状体，这对于两个受体品种 S29 和 Dm2 来说是不典型的。在 S29 的遗传背景下形成了大量的长毛状体，这些毛状体携带面包小麦基因HL1和Hl3对于叶短柔毛，比 Dm2。用携带该基因的渐渗片段开发替代和等基因系高tt将允许更精确地确定功能和评估基因的适应性意义。