ABSTRACT

The present paper assesses the causal effects of education on smoking and self-rated health in Canada. Education is instrumented using the changes in compulsory schooling laws. The sample is restricted to cohorts born between 1946 and 1964. The data are from the Canadian General Social Surveys of 1995 and 2016, allowing to observe the evolution of the gradient over the life course. The gradient is confirmed for smoking and self-rated health in correlational estimations, with stronger associations among males in later life. However, the IV regressions produce no evidence for a causal relationship.

中文翻译：

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教育、吸烟和健康：来自加拿大的证据

摘要

本文评估了教育对加拿大吸烟和自评健康的因果影响。教育是利用义务教育法的变化来实现的。样本仅限于 1946 年至 1964 年之间出生的队列。数据来自 1995 年和 2016 年的加拿大综合社会调查，可以观察生命历程中梯度的演变。在相关估计中证实了吸烟和自评健康的梯度，在晚年男性之间具有更强的关联。然而，IV 回归没有产生因果关系的证据。