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Planting depth affects corn emergence, growth and development, and yield
Agronomy Journal ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-27 , DOI: 10.1002/agj2.20701
Kyle T. Nemergut 1 , Peter R. Thomison 1 , Paul R. Carter 2 , Alexander J. Lindsey 1
Affiliation  

Current planting depth recommendations for corn (Zea mays L.) producers range from 38 to 51 mm in the midwestern United States. Characterization of emergence and soil conditions at a range of depths under later-planted scenarios is important as days adequate for field work in April have been reducing and may affect planting dates. Field studies were conducted in Ohio from 2017 to 2019 to determine the effects of planting depth and soil type on emergence, growth, and grain yield. The research was conducted in two soil types (Strawn–Crosby or Kokomo) using a randomized complete block design with four replications targeting three planting depths (25, 51, and 76 mm). Sensors were installed at the depth of seeding to measure soil moisture and temperature during the emergence period. Plants were harvested to assess growth at V3 and yield at R6. Seeds targeted at 25-mm depth resulted in the shortest time to 10% emerged but had the least uniform emergence (longest time from 10–90% emerged) compared to the 51 and 76 mm targeted depths. Shallow planting depth also correlated to fewer leaves per plant and fewer kernels produced per plant. Emergence 7 d or 86 soil accumulated growing degree units (sGDU) after planting across fields resulted in a per plant yield reduction of 5% per day or 0.6% per sGDU, respectively. In the Strawn–Crosby field, plot yields did not differ between planting depths; in the Kokomo field yields increased by 8 or 10% when planting at 51 and 76 mm, respectively, as compared to 25 mm. Planting depth adjustments can enhance crop performance, though grain yield responses may differ by soil type.

中文翻译:

种植深度影响玉米的出苗、生长发育和产量

当前玉米种植深度建议(Zea maysL.) 在美国中西部的生产商范围从 38 到 51 毫米。由于 4 月份适合田间工作的天数已经减少并可能影响种植日期,因此在后来种植的情况下对一系列深度的出苗和土壤条件进行表征很重要。2017 年至 2019 年在俄亥俄州进行了实地研究,以确定种植深度和土壤类型对出苗、生长和粮食产量的影响。该研究使用随机完整区组设计在两种土壤类型(Strawn-Crosby 或 Kokomo)中进行,针对三个种植深度(25、51 和 76 毫米)进行四次重复。传感器安装在播种深度,以测量出苗期间的土壤湿度和温度。收获植物以评估 V3 时的生长和 R6 时的产量。与目标深度 51 和 76 毫米相比,以 25 毫米深度为目标的种子导致 10% 出苗的时间最短,但出苗时间最不均匀(从 10-90% 出苗的时间最长)。种植深度浅也与每株植物的叶子较少和每株植物产生的籽粒较少有关。跨田种植后出苗 7 天或 86 个土壤累积生长度单位 (sGDU) 分别导致每株植物每天产量减少 5% 或每 sGDU 减少 0.6%。在 Strawn-Crosby 田地中,不同种植深度的地块产量没有差异;与 25 毫米相比,在 Kokomo 田间种植 51 和 76 毫米时,产量分别增加了 8% 或 10%。种植深度调整可以提高作物性能,但谷物产量响应可能因土壤类型而异。
更新日期:2021-04-27
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