Experimental determination of equilibrium solubility of 1-(2-bromophenyl)-pyrrole-2,5-dione in binary aqueous solutions containing a co-solvent of isopropanol, ethanol, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) or methanol over temperatures from 278.15 to 323.15 K was made by the shake-flask technique under local pressure of 101.2 kPa. At the identical experimental conditions (temperature and mass fraction compositions of co-solvents), the maximum equilibrium solubility magnitude in a mole fraction of 1-(2-bromophenyl)-pyrrole-2,5-dione was recorded in the NMP (1) + water (2) system; and the minimum one, in the isopropanol (1) + water (2) system. The solvent effect was quantitatively analyzed by employing the KAT-LSER model, representing the solubility parameter and dipolarity–polarizability had main contributions to the solubility variation at 298.15 K. Four relationships, such as the Jouyban–Acree model, modified Wilson model, Jouyban–Acree–van’t Hoff model, and mixture response surface (MRS) model, were employed to correlate the determined solubility magnitudes, attaining the root-mean-square deviations of no higher than 493.0 × 10^–5 and relative average deviations of no higher than 5.59%. The molecule interactions of solute–solvent and solvent–solvent were investigated through the extended Hildebrand solubility approach. In water-rich composition regions, there was some association between 1-(2-bromophenyl)-pyrrole-2,5-dione and solution. Furthermore, the local mole fractions of isopropanol (ethanol, NMP, or methanol) and water nearby 1-(2-bromophenyl)-pyrrole-2,5-dione were quantitatively evaluated by the inverse Kirkwood–Buff integrals. 1-(2-Bromophenyl)-pyrrole-2,5-dione was preferentially solvated by water in water-rich proportions; while in co-solvent-rich proportions for the solutions studied, it was preferentially solvated by isopropanol (ethanol, NMP, or methanol). In water-rich ranges, 1-(2-bromophenyl)-pyrrole-2,5-dione could be predominantly serving as a Lewis base in front of water molecules.

中文翻译：

---

1-（2-溴苯基）-吡咯-2,5-二酮在异丙醇，乙醇，N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮和甲醇的二元水性混合物中的溶解度测定，建模和优选溶剂化

实验确定1-（2-溴苯基）-吡咯-2,5-二酮在含有异丙醇，乙醇，N的共溶剂的二元水溶液中的平衡溶解度通过摇瓶技术在局部压力为101.2 kPa的条件下，在278.15至323.15 K的温度范围内制备了-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮（NMP）或甲醇。在相同的实验条件下（共溶剂的温度和质量分数组成），在NMP中记录了1-（2-溴苯基）-吡咯-2,5-二酮的摩尔分数下的最大平衡溶解度值（1） +水（2）系统；最少的是异丙醇（1）+水（2）系统。通过使用KAT-LSER模型定量分析了溶剂效应，代表了溶解度参数和偶极极化度对298.15 K时的溶解度变化起主要作用。四个关系，如Jouyban–Acree模型，改良的Wilson模型，Jouyban– Acree-van't Hoff模型和混合反应面（MRS）模型，^–5相对平均偏差不超过5.59％。通过扩展的Hildebrand溶解度方法研究了溶质-溶剂和溶剂-溶剂的分子相互作用。在富含水的成分区域，1-（2-溴苯基）-吡咯-2,5-二酮与溶液之间存在一定的联系。此外，通过Kirkwood-Buff逆积分来定量评估1-（2-溴苯基）-吡咯-2,5-二酮附近的异丙醇（乙醇，NMP或甲醇）和水的局部摩尔分数。1-（2-溴苯基）-吡咯-2,5-二酮优先以富水比例被水溶剂化；而对于所研究溶液，在富含共溶剂的比例中，它优先被异丙醇（乙醇，NMP或甲醇）溶剂化。在富含水的范围内，1-（2-溴苯基）-吡咯-2