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Evaporation and propagation of liquid drop streams at vacuum pressures: Experiments and modeling
Physical Review E ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-26 , DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.043105 Daniel R. Guildenbecher , John J. Barnard , Thomas W. Grasser , Anthony M. McMaster , Robert B. Campbell , David P. Grote , Prabal Nandy , Max Light
Physical Review E ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-26 , DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.043105 Daniel R. Guildenbecher , John J. Barnard , Thomas W. Grasser , Anthony M. McMaster , Robert B. Campbell , David P. Grote , Prabal Nandy , Max Light
Evaporation of streams of liquid droplets in environments at vacuum pressures below the vapor pressure has not been widely studied. Here, experiments and simulations are reported that quantify the change in droplet diameter when a steady stream of ≈100 μm diameter drops is injected into a chamber initially evacuated to . In experiments, droplets fall through the center of a 0.8 m long liquid nitrogen cooled shroud, simulating infinity radiation and vapor mass flux boundary conditions. Experimentally measured changes in drop diameters vary from ≈0 to 6 μm when the initial vapor pressure is increased from to bar by heating the liquid. Measured diameter changes are predicted by a model based on the Hertz-Knudsen equation. One uncertainty in the calculation is the “sticking coefficient” β. Assuming a constant β for all conditions studied here, predicted diameter changes best match measurements with . This value falls within the range of β reported in the literature for organic liquids. Finally, at the higher vapor pressure conditions considered here, the drop stream disperses transverse to the main flow direction. This spread is attributed to forces imparted by an absolute pressure gradient produced by the evaporating stream.
中文翻译:
真空压力下液滴流的蒸发和扩散:实验和建模
在低于蒸气压的真空压力下环境中的液滴流的蒸发尚未得到广泛研究。在这里,据实验和模拟报道,当将直径约≈100μm的稳定流注入最初排空至。在实验中,液滴通过0.8 m长的液氮冷却导流罩的中心落下,从而模拟了无穷大辐射和蒸汽质量通量边界条件。当初始蒸气压从 至 加热液体。通过基于Hertz-Knudsen方程的模型预测测得的直径变化。计算中的一个不确定性是“黏着系数” β。假设在此研究的所有条件下β均为常数,则预测直径将与。该值落入有机液体文献中报道的β范围内。最后,在此处考虑的较高蒸气压条件下,液滴流横向于主流向分散。这种散布归因于由蒸发流产生的绝对压力梯度所施加的力。
更新日期:2021-04-26
中文翻译:
真空压力下液滴流的蒸发和扩散:实验和建模
在低于蒸气压的真空压力下环境中的液滴流的蒸发尚未得到广泛研究。在这里,据实验和模拟报道,当将直径约≈100μm的稳定流注入最初排空至。在实验中,液滴通过0.8 m长的液氮冷却导流罩的中心落下,从而模拟了无穷大辐射和蒸汽质量通量边界条件。当初始蒸气压从 至 加热液体。通过基于Hertz-Knudsen方程的模型预测测得的直径变化。计算中的一个不确定性是“黏着系数” β。假设在此研究的所有条件下β均为常数,则预测直径将与。该值落入有机液体文献中报道的β范围内。最后,在此处考虑的较高蒸气压条件下,液滴流横向于主流向分散。这种散布归因于由蒸发流产生的绝对压力梯度所施加的力。