Global warming is no longer a trend, but reality, which calls for the development of new technologies. In this paper, we thus identify antecedents of enabling technologies and study the patterns of emergence of new fields of eco-innovation. For this, we suggest a conceptual framework focusing on environmental technologies, specifically on their emergence as enabling technologies in innovation ecosystems. We test this framework using data of 136,059 citations to 13,510 patents of climate change mitigation technologies. Complex and complementary technologies tend to be more enabling for subsequent innovation, and this effect is amplified for environmental technologies that constitute dominant designs. Dominant designs generated through a collaborative process, on the other hand, rarely become enabling technologies. We also contribute to climate action by allowing governmental bodies and other investors to direct funding to those innovations that are most likely to make a lasting impact on global warming. In addition, managers and policy makers can foment the antecedents that are most important to incite the development of climate change mitigation technologies.

全球变暖已不再是趋势，而是现实，它要求开发新技术。因此，在本文中，我们确定了促成技术的先例，并研究了生态创新新领域的出现模式。为此，我们建议一个概念框架，重点关注环境技术，尤其是它们作为创新生态系统中的使能技术而出现的情况。我们使用136,059篇文献的数据对13,510项减缓气候变化的专利进行了测试。复杂和互补的技术往往更有助于后续创新，而对于构成主导设计的环境技术，这种影响会放大。另一方面，通过协作过程生成的主导设计很少成为支持技术。我们还允许政府机构和其他投资者为最有可能对全球变暖产生持久影响的创新提供资金，从而为气候行动做出贡献。此外，管理人员和政策制定者还可以煽动那些对促进减缓气候变化技术发展最重要的前提条件。