Abstract

The laws and mechanisms of structure and phase formation in the rails subjected to severe plastic deformation during long-term operation in a railway are revealed. A highly defective surface layer ≈200 μm thick with a grain–subgrain nanostructure is found to form in the rails as a result of long-term operation. The mechanisms of transformation of cementite lamellae are discussed. The dissolution of cementite lamellae is shown to be accompanied by strain aging, which causes the formation of cementite nanoparticles (5–15 nm) in the ferrite lamellae volume.

中文翻译：

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严重塑性变形后不同硬化轨的结构

摘要

揭示了在铁路长期运行过程中遭受严重塑性变形的钢轨中的结构和相形成的规律和机理。长期运行的结果是，在钢轨中形成了约200μm厚且具有亚晶粒纳米结构的高缺陷表面层。讨论了渗碳体薄片的转变机理。渗碳体薄片的溶解被证明伴随着应变时效，这导致铁素体薄片体积中渗碳体纳米颗粒（5-15 nm）的形成。