Abstract—Studies on the pathophysiology of mental disorders indicate the involvement of neurobiological processes, including the neuroinflammatory response, neurogenesis, and neuronal degeneration, in the mechanisms of development of these disorders. We examined 135 patients with addictive and affective disorders (51 patients with alcohol dependence syndrome, 41 patients with a current depressive episode and 43 patients with comorbidity of alcohol dependence syndrome and affective disorder) and 46 mentally healthy donors. The content of neurospecific proteins (NSE, MBP, and GFAP) in the blood serum of patients and healthy people was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The study of peripheral markers of nerve tissue damage showed that all patients are characterized by signs of neuronal and glial distress. The results of analysis of variance and ROC analysis indicate the contribution of NSE and MBP to the development of affective disorders, while GFAP has a greater predictive efficiency in the case of addictive pathology. The tendency towards imbalance in the secretion of neurospecific proteins in the blood serum of patients with comorbidity of alcohol dependence and affective disorders is enhanced, which probably indicates a greater defect in neurobiological processes and neurodegeneration, and is also confirmed by data showing more severe clinical symptoms of patients in these cases of comorbidity.

摘要-关于精神障碍的病理生理学的研究表明，神经生物学过程（包括神经炎性反应，神经发生和神经元变性）参与了这些疾病的发生机制。我们检查了135例成瘾和情感障碍患者（51例酒精依赖综合征患者，41例当前抑郁发作患者和43例酒精依赖综合征和情感障碍合并症患者）和46名精神健康的捐献者。通过酶联免疫吸附法测定患者和健康人血清中神经特异性蛋白（NSE，MBP和GFAP）的含量。对神经组织损伤的周围标志物的研究表明，所有患者均具有神经元和神经胶质窘迫的迹象。方差分析和ROC分析的结果表明NSE和MBP对情感障碍发展的贡献，而GFAP在成瘾性病理情况下具有更高的预测效率。酒精依赖和情感障碍合并症患者血清中神经特异性蛋白分泌失衡的趋势有所增强，这可能表明神经生物学过程和神经退行性疾病存在更大的缺陷，并且也被显示出更为严重的临床症状的数据所证实在这些合并症的患者中。