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Adaptations of the human placenta to hypoxia: opportunities for interventions in fetal growth restriction
Human Reproduction Update ( IF 13.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-30 , DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmaa053
Arthur Colson 1, 2, 3 , Pierre Sonveaux 2 , Frédéric Debiève 1, 3 , Amanda N Sferruzzi-Perri 4
Affiliation  

The placenta is the functional interface between the mother and the fetus during pregnancy, and a critical determinant of fetal growth and life-long health. In the first trimester, it develops under a low-oxygen environment, which is essential for the conceptus who has little defense against reactive oxygen species produced during oxidative metabolism. However, failure of invasive trophoblasts to sufficiently remodel uterine arteries toward dilated vessels by the end of the first trimester can lead to reduced/intermittent blood flow, persistent hypoxia and oxidative stress in the placenta with consequences for fetal growth. Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is observed in ∼10% of pregnancies and is frequently seen in association with other pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia (PE). FGR is one of the main challenges for obstetricians and pediatricians, as smaller fetuses have greater perinatal risks of morbidity and mortality and postnatal risks of neurodevelopmental and cardio-metabolic disorders.

中文翻译:

人类胎盘对缺氧的适应:干预胎儿生长受限的机会

胎盘是怀孕期间母亲和胎儿之间的功能界面,是胎儿生长和终身健康的关键决定因素。在孕早期,它在低氧环境下发育,这对于对氧化代谢过程中产生的活性氧几乎没有防御能力的胎体来说是必不可少的。然而,侵入性滋养细胞未能在妊娠头三个月末充分将子宫动脉重塑为扩张的血管会导致胎盘中的血流减少/间歇性、持续缺氧和氧化应激,从而影响胎儿的生长。在约 10% 的妊娠中观察到胎儿生长受限 (FGR),并且经常与其他妊娠并发症相关,例如先兆子痫 (PE)。
更新日期:2020-12-30
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