We used instruments to analyze the texture of compressed samples obtained from the equatorial portion of apples cut in radial and tangential directions. The flesh firmness evaluation of apples using a penetrometer (Magness-Taylor type) showed a year-to-year correlation, and this was highly correlated with mechanical values, including maximum force (N) evaluated using two instruments in both the radial and tangential directions. On the other hand, no significant relationship between the mechanical values obtained from the instruments and the sensory test results of flesh texture was observed. We adopted a crispness index (CI) value to characterize the mechanical response during the penetration test. The CI value was not correlated with most of the mechanical parameters in the Rheoner analysis. Additionally, we used a TA.XTplus texture analyzer to obtain mechanical and acoustic responses during the penetration test. The maximum and average acoustic pressures (dB) were not correlated with the mechanical parameters. There was a significant correlation between the acoustic profiles and the CI values obtained from the instruments. These results revealed that the CI and acoustic profiles were physical responses that differed from mechanical ones when measuring the flesh texture of apple fruit. In this study, the CI and acoustic pressure were associated with the sensory test results of flesh texture, suggesting that these parameters were effective for objectively evaluating the flesh texture of apples. The cultivars and selections evaluated as having high crunchiness by sensory test showed relatively high CI values and acoustic pressure. In addition, the CI value showed a significant year-to-year correlation (r = 0.68**), implying that it was one of the genetic characteristics responsible for the flesh texture of apples.

我们使用仪器分析了从径向和切线方向切割的苹果赤道部分获得的压缩样品的质地。使用针入度计（Magness-Taylor 型）对苹果果肉硬度的评估显示出逐年相关性，这与机械值高度相关，包括使用两种仪器在径向和切向评估的最大力 (N) . 另一方面，从仪器获得的机械值与肉质的感官测试结果之间没有显着关系。我们采用脆度指数 (CI) 值来表征渗透测试期间的机械响应。CI 值与 Rheoner 分析中的大多数机械参数无关。此外，我们使用了 TA.XT加质地分析仪在渗透测试期间获得机械和声学响应。最大和平均声压 (dB) 与机械参数无关。声学剖面与从仪器获得的 CI 值之间存在显着相关性。这些结果表明，在测量苹果果实的果肉质地时，CI 和声学曲线是不同于机械响应的物理响应。本研究中，CI和声压与果肉质地的感官测试结果相关，表明这些参数可以有效地客观评价苹果的果肉质地。通过感官测试评价为具有高脆度的栽培品种和选择显示出相对较高的CI值和声压。此外，r = 0.68**)，这意味着它是导致苹果果肉质地的遗传特征之一。