Background

Dietary fatty acids can alter membrane fatty acid composition with the consequent change in the action of various receptors. Incorporation of mustard oil was found to increase insulin secretion, reduce blood glucose levels, and increase the expression of glucose transporter gene 4 (Glut4).

Methods

Three-week-old male Wistar rats were fed with 8% lipid-inclusive isocaloric mash diet. There were non-diabetic control (NDC) and diabetic control (DC) groups fed with ghee, and similarly non-diabetic (NDT) and diabetic treatment (DT) groups fed with mustard oil. Streptozotocin (STZ) was administered intraperitoneally once at a dose rate of 40 mg/kg bodyweight for the induction of diabetes. Blood glucose was estimated using glucometer periodically. Lipids were extracted from mustard oil and in tissue samples, and fatty acid estimation was done using gas chromatography (GC). Gene expression of 84 genes related to diabetes was measured in muscle tissue using Qiagen™ RT² polymerase chain reaction (PCR) profiler array. The real-time PCR data obtained as threshold cycle (Ct) values were analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis® (IPA®) software.

Results

After induction of diabetes by day 30, the average glucose levels were above 500 mg/dL in diabetic groups, but for the mustard oil treatment group, they were reduced to 337 mg/dL by the 60 days of treatment. Significantly higher levels of unsaturated fatty acids particularly linoleic acid and linolenic acid were found in mustard oil treatment groups. Insulin receptor signaling was prominent in both ghee-fed normal and mustard oil–fed diabetic treatment groups. Glucose was found to be the major upstream regulator in all the groups except for ghee-fed diabetic control group.

Conclusions

Mustard oil inclusion in the diet reduces blood glucose levels by increased insulin receptor signaling, thereby partially reversing diabetic state in experimentally induced diabetic rats.

中文翻译：

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膳食补充芥末油可通过触发胰岛素受体信号传导途径降低血糖水平

背景

膳食脂肪酸可以改变膜脂肪酸的组成，从而改变各种受体的作用。发现加入芥末油可增加胰岛素分泌，降低血糖水平并增加葡萄糖转运蛋白基因4（Glut4）的表达。

方法

给三周大的雄性Wistar大鼠喂食8％含脂质的等热量饲料。有酥油喂养的非糖尿病对照组（NDC）和糖尿病对照组（DC）组，以及芥末油喂养的类似的非糖尿病（NDT）和糖尿病治疗组（DT）。腹膜内施用链脲佐菌素（STZ）一次，剂量率为40 mg / kg体重，以诱导糖尿病。定期使用血糖仪评估血糖。从芥末油和组织样品中提取脂质，并使用气相色谱仪（GC）进行脂肪酸估计。使用Qiagen™RT ²在肌肉组织中测量了84个与糖尿病相关的基因的基因表达聚合酶链反应（PCR）分析仪阵列。使用独创性途径分析作为阈值循环（Ct）值获得的实时PCR数据进行分析®（IPA®）软件。

结果

在第30天诱发糖尿病后，糖尿病组的平均葡萄糖水平高于500 mg / dL，但对于芥子油治疗组，在治疗60天后，平均血糖水平已降至337 mg / dL。在芥末油处理组中发现明显更高的不饱和脂肪酸含量，特别是亚油酸和亚麻酸。在酥油喂养的正常人和芥末油喂养的糖尿病治疗组中，胰岛素受体信号均显着。除酥油喂养的糖尿病对照组外，葡萄糖是所有组中主要的上游调节剂。

结论

饮食中加入芥子油可通过增加胰岛素受体信号传导来降低血糖水平，从而部分逆转实验诱导的糖尿病大鼠的糖尿病状态。