We report on the 2020 reactivation of the energetic high magnetic field pulsar PSR J1846–0258 and its pulsar wind nebula (PWN) after 14 yr of quiescence with new Chandra and Green Bank Telescope observations. The emission of short-duration bursts from J1846–0258 was accompanied by an enhancement of X-ray persistent flux and significant spectral softening, similar to those observed during its first bursting episode in 2006. The 2020 pulsar spectrum is described by a power-law model with a photon index Γ = 1.7 0.3 in comparison to a Γ = 1.2 0.1 before outburst, and shows evidence of an emerging thermal component with blackbody temperature kT = 0.7 0.1 keV. The 0.5–10 keV unabsorbed flux increased from 10⁻¹² erg cm⁻² s⁻¹ in quiescence to 10⁻¹¹ erg cm⁻² s⁻¹ following the outburst. We did not detect any radio pulsations from the pulsar at 2 GHz, and we place an upper limit of 7.1 μJy and 55 mJy for the coherent pulsed emission and single pulses, respectively. The 2020 PWN spectrum, characterized by a photon index of 1.92 0.04 and X-ray luminosity of (1.2 0.1) 10³⁵ erg s⁻¹ at a distance of 5.8 kpc, is consistent with those observed before the outburst. An analysis of regions closer to the pulsar shows small-scale time variabilities and brightness changes over the 20 yr period from 2000 to 2020, while the photon indices did not change. We conclude that the outburst in PSR J1846–0258 is a combination of crustal and magnetospheric effects, with no significant burst-induced variability in its PWN based on the current observations.

我们报告了 2020 年高能高磁场脉冲星 PSR J1846-0258 及其脉冲星风星云 (PWN) 在静止 14 年后通过新的钱德拉和绿岸望远镜观测结果的重新激活。J1846-0258 的短时爆发伴随着 X 射线持续通量的增强和显着的光谱软化，类似于 2006 年第一次爆发期间观察到的情况。 2020 年脉冲星光谱由幂律描述模型的光子指数 Γ = 1.7 0.3 与爆发前的 Γ = 1.2 0.1 相比，并显示了黑体温度kT = 0.7 0.1 keV的新兴热分量的证据。0.5–10 keV 未吸收通量从10 ^-12 erg cm ^-2 s ^{-1 增加}爆发后静止到10 ^-11 erg cm ^-2 s ^-1。我们没有在 2 GHz 处检测到来自脉冲星的任何无线电脉冲，我们分别为相干脉冲发射和单脉冲设置了 7.1 μ Jy 和 55 mJy 的上限。2020 PWN 光谱，其特征在于光子指数为 1.92 0.04，X 射线光度为 (1.2 0.1) 10 ³⁵ erg s ^-1在 5.8 kpc 的距离处，与爆发前观察到的一致。对靠近脉冲星的区域的分析表明，从 2000 年到 2020 年的 20 年间，小尺度的时间变化和亮度变化，而光子指数没有变化。我们得出结论，PSR J1846-0258 中的爆发是地壳和磁层效应的结合，根据目前的观测，其 PWN 没有显着的爆发引起的变化。