Metamaterials have demonstrated great potential for controlling wave propagation since they are flexibly adjustable. A new one-dimensional metamaterial model with both a negative effective moment of inertia and negative effective stiffness is proposed. A negative effective moment of inertia and negative effective stiffness can be achieved by adjusting the structural parameters in certain frequency ranges. Bandgaps in the low-frequency range with exponential wave attenuation can be generated in the metamaterial. A flat band is obtained that couples two Bragg bandgaps to achieve a wide bandgap in the low-frequency range, where the effective moment of inertia and effective stiffness are both infinite. A zero-frequency bandgap can be achieved by adjusting the structural parameters. Quick attenuation of wave is observed in the zero-frequency ranges with single-negative parameters. Furthermore, an ultrawide-zero-frequency bandgap is obtained by optimizing the structural parameters of the system. In addition, it is easy to switch between the Bragg and locally resonant bandgaps. This new metamaterial can be applied to ultralow-frequency-vibration isolation.

超材料具有控制波传播的巨大潜力，因为它们可以灵活调节。提出了一种新的具有负有效惯性矩和负有效刚度的一维超材料模型。通过在一定频率范围内调整结构参数，可以获得负的有效惯性矩和负的有效刚度。在超材料中可以产生具有指数波衰减的低频范围内的带隙。获得耦合两个布拉格带隙的平坦带，以在低频范围内实现宽带隙，其中有效惯性矩和有效刚度都是无限的。通过调整结构参数可以实现零频带隙。在具有单负参数的零频率范围内观察到波的快速衰减。此外，通过优化系统的结构参数，获得了超宽的零频带隙。此外，很容易在布拉格和局部谐振带隙之间切换。这种新型超材料可应用于超低频振动隔离。