Romania has traditionally dealt with forest ecosystem services (FES) using a regulatory process of designing forest management plans (FMPs). We set an analytical framework to assess the integrated approach between FMPs, Natura 2000 biodiversity conservation network, and the forest certification system. The results show that, despite some relevant additional inputs, the delivery of FES remains strongly related to the normative FMP process. The specific presence of protected species and habitats of community interest has been identified on 18% of the Natura 2000 area included in the analysis. The Natura 2000 management plans are largely conveyed in elusive and precautionary terms of reference, so adding opportunity and administrative costs supported by forest owners. The participatory approach used in the forest certification process resulted in the identification of additional cultural, regulating and habitat ecosystem services on 1.6% of the analysed area. Considering the discrepancies between de jure normative planning and de facto implementation, we discuss the need for adapting the regulatory FES governance framework by making use of e.g. bottom-up participatory approaches, monitoring indicators for the effectiveness of management measures, and valuation techniques that would make beneficiaries and civil society to consider the opportunity costs for the delivery of FES.

罗马尼亚传统上是通过设计森林管理计划（FMP）的监管程序来处理森林生态系统服务（FES）。我们设置了一个分析框架，以评估FMP，Natura 2000生物多样性保护网络和森林认证系统之间的综合方法。结果表明，尽管提供了一些相关的额外投入，但FES的交付仍然与规范的FMP程序密切相关。在分析中包括的Natura 2000面积中，有18％的人发现了受保护物种和社区关注的栖息地的特定存在。《 Natura 2000》管理计划主要以难以捉摸的和预防性的职权范围传达，因此增加了森林所有者支持的机会和行政成本。森林认证过程中使用的参与性方法导致在分析区域的1.6％上确定了额外的文化，调节和栖息地生态系统服务。考虑到法律规范性计划与实际执行之间的差异，我们讨论了通过使用自下而上的参与式方法，监控指标的有效性来评估管理FES治理框架的必要性，以及评估技术的有效性。受益人和民间社会考虑提供FES的机会成本。