Aquatic environments are hotspots for the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes due to pollution caused mainly by anthropogenic activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of wastewater effluents, informal settlements, hospital, and veterinary clinic discharges on the occurrence, antibiotic resistance profile and virulence signatures of Aeromonas spp. and Pseudomonas spp. isolated from surface water and wastewater. High counts of Aeromonas spp. (2.5 (± 0.8) – 3.3 (± 0.4) log₁₀ CFU mL⁻¹) and Pseudomonas spp. (0.6 (± 1.0) – 1.8 (± 1.0) log₁₀ CFU mL⁻¹) were obtained. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and MALDI-TOF characterization identified four species of Aeromonas and five of Pseudomonas. The isolates displayed resistance to 3 or more antibiotics (71% of Aeromonas and 94% of Pseudomonas). Aeromonas spp. showed significant association with the antibiotic meropenem (χ² = 3.993, P < 0.05). The virulence gene aer in Aeromonas was found to be positively associated with the antibiotic resistance gene blaOXA (χ² = 6.657, P < 0.05) and the antibiotic ceftazidime (χ² = 7.537, P < 0.05). Aeromonas recovered from both wastewater and surface water displayed high resistance to ampicillin and had higher multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indices close to the hospital. Pseudomonas isolates on the other hand exhibited low resistance to carbapenems but very high resistance to the third-generation cephalosporins and cefixime. The results showed that some of the Pseudomonas spp. and Aeromonas spp. isolates were extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing bacteria. In conclusion, the strong association between virulence genes and antibiotic resistance in the isolates shows the potential health risk to communities through direct and indirect exposure to the water.

由于主要由人为活动引起的污染，水生环境是抗药性细菌和基因传播的热点。这项研究的目的是评估废水，非正式住区，医院和兽医诊所排放物对Aeromonas spp的发生，抗生素耐药性和毒力特征的影响。和假单胞菌属。与地表水和废水隔离。高数量的气单胞菌。（2.5（±0.8）– 3.3（±0.4）log ₁₀ CFU mL ^-1）和假单胞菌属。（0.6（±1.0）– 1.8（±1.0）log ₁₀ CFU mL ^-1）。聚合酶链反应（PCR）和MALDI-TOF鉴定鉴定了4种气单胞菌和5种假单胞菌。分离株显示出对3种或3种以上抗生素的耐药性（71％的气单胞菌和94％的假单胞菌）。气单胞菌 显示显著伴随抗生素美罗培南（χ ²  = 3.993，P  <0.05）。毒力基因AER在气单胞菌被发现与抗生素抗性基因正相关blaOXA（χ ²  = 6.657，P <0.05）和抗生素头孢他啶（χ ²  = 7.537，P  <0.05）。从废水和地表水中回收的气单胞菌对氨苄西林显示出高抗药性，并在医院附近具有较高的多重抗生素抗药性（MAR）指数。另一方面，假单胞菌分离物对碳青霉烯类药物表现出低耐药性，但对第三代头孢菌素和头孢克肟表现出很高的耐药性。结果表明，某些假单胞菌属。与气单胞菌。分离株是超广谱β产生内酰胺酶的细菌。总之，分离株中毒力基因与抗生素抗性之间的密切联系表明，直接或间接接触水对社区具有潜在的健康风险。