Abstract

To study the mechanism of brake squeal of light-rail trains, a field test and a simulation analysis of disc brake squeal were carried out. In the field test measurement, the noise and vibration characteristics of brake components under normal braking and abnormal braking were analyzed. The test results show that the peaks of the frequency spectrum of the squeal noise and brake pad vibration correspond. The occurrence of brake squeal is closely related to the abnormal vibration of the pads. According to the theory of friction self-excited vibration, a finite-element model of the disc brake system of the light-rail trains was established. Effects of the material parameters and shape of the brake pad on the tendency for brake squeal were studied using complex eigenvalue analysis. The simulation results show that increasing the Young's modulus of the brake pads can effectively suppress brake squeal, but a larger or smaller Poisson's ratio of the brake pads was not conducive to suppressing brake squeal. Changing the shape of the brake pad will lead to differences in the number, frequency, and instability of unstable modes. It is observed that the shape of the brake pad has a significant effect on suppressing brake squeal. The grooved pad has a better effect in suppressing brake squeal.

摘要

为研究轻轨列车制动尖叫的产生机理，开展了盘式制动尖叫的现场试验和仿真分析。在现场试验测量中，分析了制动部件在正常制动和异常制动下的噪声和振动特性。测试结果表明，尖叫噪声和刹车片振动的频谱峰值对应。刹车异响的发生与刹车片的异常振动密切相关。根据摩擦自激振动理论，建立了轻轨列车盘式制动系统的有限元模型。使用复特征值分析研究了刹车片的材料参数和形状对刹车尖叫趋势的影响。模拟结果表明，增加 Young' 刹车片的s模量可以有效抑制刹车尖叫声，但刹车片泊松比过大或过小都不利于抑制刹车尖叫声。改变刹车片的形状会导致不稳定模式的数量、频率和不稳定性的差异。可以看出，刹车片的形状对抑制刹车尖叫有显着影响。凹槽垫在抑制刹车尖叫方面有更好的效果。