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Food web modeling indicates the potential impacts of increasing deforestation and fishing pressure in the Tapajós River, Brazilian Amazon
Regional Environmental Change ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-24 , DOI: 10.1007/s10113-021-01777-z
Leonardo Capitani , Ronaldo Angelini , Friedrich Wolfgang Keppeler , Gustavo Hallwass , Renato Azevedo Matias Silvano

In the Tapajós River, Brazilian Amazon, fishing is an important activity, especially for low-income riverine populations. Unfortunately, the Tapajós River fish diversity and abundance are threatened by several anthropogenic drivers, including deforestation and overfishing. We modeled the lower Tapajós River's food web and simulated changes in biomass compartments as a response to increases in deforestation (loss of floodplain forest habitat) and on artisanal fishing pressure over 30 years. According to our simulations, the large-bodied species could be reduced drastically while small-bodied and fast-growing species could be favored by fishing effort increasing. The loss of floodplain forest is expected to cause a general decline (23%) of the total standing fish biomass. This reduction could reflect greater losses on species that are directly dependent on resources from the floodplain forests, such as fruits and seeds. These results indicated that the food web of the lower Tapajós River is structurally characterized by bottom-up control, through the use of basal resources, such as detritus (mostly from decomposing plants), fruits, seeds, terrestrial, and aquatic invertebrates. Furthermore, the simulations’ results highlight that the protection of the floodplain forest through the existing protected areas will be of essential importance in the future to maintain fish biomass, sustainable artisanal fishing, and improve the food security of Amazonian riverine inhabitants.



中文翻译:

食物网建模表明了巴西亚马逊塔帕霍斯河(Tapajoss River)不断增加的森林砍伐和捕鱼压力的潜在影响

在巴西亚马逊河的塔帕霍斯河,捕鱼是一项重要活动,特别是对于低收入河沿人口而言。不幸的是,塔帕霍斯河的鱼类多样性和丰富度受到多种人为驱动因素的威胁,其中包括森林砍伐和过度捕捞。我们对塔帕霍斯河下游的食物网进行了建模,并模拟了生物质区室的变化,以应对森林砍伐(洪泛区森林栖息地的丧失)和30年来手工捕鱼压力的增加。根据我们的模拟,可以通过减少捕捞努力来大幅度减少大型物种,而有利于小型和快速生长的物种。洪泛区森林的丧失预计将导致总立足鱼类生物量的总体下降(23%)。这种减少可能反映出直接依赖洪泛区森林资源(例如水果和种子)的物种的损失更大。这些结果表明,通过使用基础资源(如碎屑(主要来自分解的植物),水果,种子,陆生和水生无脊椎动物),塔帕霍斯河下游的食物网在结构上具有自下而上的控制。此外,模拟结果还表明,通过现有的保护区来保护洪泛区森林对于将来保持鱼类生物量,可持续的手工捕鱼以及改善亚马逊河沿岸居民的粮食安全至关重要。这些结果表明,通过使用基础资源(如碎屑(主要来自分解的植物),水果,种子,陆生和水生无脊椎动物),塔帕霍斯河下游的食物网在结构上具有自下而上的控制。此外,模拟结果还表明,通过现有的保护区来保护洪泛区森林对于将来保持鱼类生物量,可持续的手工捕鱼以及改善亚马逊河沿岸居民的粮食安全至关重要。这些结果表明,通过使用基础资源(如碎屑(主要来自分解的植物),水果,种子,陆生和水生无脊椎动物),塔帕霍斯河下游的食物网在结构上具有自下而上的控制。此外,模拟结果还表明,通过现有的保护区来保护洪泛区森林对于将来保持鱼类生物量,可持续的手工捕鱼以及改善亚马逊河沿岸居民的粮食安全至关重要。

更新日期:2021-04-24
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